The article presents data on thyroid cancer morbidity in Yakutia. Analysis is based on information on 750 patients with first-ever diagnosis of thyroid cancer.

In order to improve the indicators of adolescents’ general health for early detection and correction of deviations in concomitant somatic pathology adolescents (12-17 years) with chronic renal disease treated at the clinic of Research Institute of Maternity and Childhood were examined. The most common somatic disorders in teenagers were diseases of the nervous and endocrine systems, gastrointestinal tract, and undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia.

On the basis of consulting clinic of Pediatric Center of PH № 1 - the National Medical Center Ministry of Health of Sakha (Yakutia) Republic 600 children living in the regions (Zhigansky, Oleneksky, Abyysky, Allaihovsky, Vilyuisky, Verkhnevilyuisky, Suntarsky, Neryungrinsky, Lensky, Megino-Kangalasskii, Tattinsky) of Sakha (Yakutia) Republic were surveyed. The high morbidity of chronic pancreatitis in children of the Far North, associated with living in extreme climatic conditions, change in diet was marked. The study of risk factors for the formation, therapeutic tactics and diagnostics methods in children with pancreatitis in the Far North is a completely new and urgent problem.

Article shows the results of cross-sectional study for Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence and its associations with gastroduodenal diseases in children of Evenkia ethnic populations in ages from 7 to 17 years. In both populations, especially among the Evenks there had been marked high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori early contamination in the majority of children. At the same time erosive ulcer lesions in gastroduodenal mucosa in native children had been diagnosed significantly less frequently. Besides, the signs of Helicobacter pylori infection in the Evenks are characterized by lesser dissemination of mucosa, and more narrow association of dissemination stage with gastritis activity, as compared to the Europoids.

It is suspected that the prevalence in different ethnic groups of HLA-genotype and mutation CCR5delta32 – factors which alter adhesion of protein CCR5 – are the causes of different prevalence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis in different ethnic populations. The analysis of 234 DNAsamples (QIAamp Mini Kit) of patients with system onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis didn’t reveal any differences in prevalence of mutation in patients with soJIA, in patients with macrophage-activation syndrome and in total population. Our results do not support the idea of protective role of the mutation CCR5delta32 against soJIA, what can be explained also by probable association of soJIA with HLA-genotype or other factors of ethnicity. At the same time it can be considered as an additional evidence of expediency of soJIA being an original disease different from the rest of JIA group of diseases.

The authors analyzed vital statistics and Crow's index in women with complete reproductive period based on questionnaires collected in regions of the Republic Sakha (Yakutia). Temporal changes of vital parameters and components of differential mortality and fertility are shown.

The study involved patients with non differentiated connective tissue dysplasia (mean age 25, 9±6, 8 years). On the basis of investigation it was established that at patients with non differentiated connective tissue dysplasia the increased elastic and peripheral vessel resistances were characteristic. The increase of elastic vessel resistance can be associated with decrease of the vessel diameter and with internal vessel space decrease and with changes of biomechanical properties of aorta wall at patients with non differentiated connective tissue dysplasia.

The paper presents data about ophthalmic injury among children 1-15 years old. The structures, nature of ophthalmic injury in different age groups were investigated. Ophthalmic injury has definite sexual dimorphism. We determined strategic and tactical approaches to the optimal system of injury prevention – administrative-legislative and system technologic. System measures include: early beginning, continuity, subsequence, succession, individuality.

The paper presents a clinical material of new-born children esophagus pathology for the past 20 years in a surgery department of the Yakutsk Pediatric Centre. Due to a pre-and-post-tactical operation change after esophagoplasty using monorowed anastomosis, long artificial ventilation of lungs, long medicine sedation in the early post-operation period new-born children survival with esophageal atresia has become better. For the first time prophylactic methods of esophagus stenosis, new safer and more effective methods were introduced. For the first time operation of child coloesophagoplasty after esophagus extirpation was used.

In order to study the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER), dyspepsia symptoms in the indigenous rural population of Yakutia and identify risk factors for their development residents of the two rural villages, located about 200 km from Yakutsk at the age of 45-70 years were examined. Gastroenterological questionnaire was filled with subsequent isolation of dyspepsia and GER syndromes. Symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and dyspepsia were revealed. In this case, the risk factors for GER differ significantly from those of the syndrome of dyspepsia. Some of these factors are modifiable, which allows planning for their preventive measures.

In order to identify the features of lipid metabolism in residents of Yakutia of various ethnicities indigenous and non-indigenous men were surveyed. Studies have shown changes in lipid metabolism: dyslipidemia in the indigenous inhabitants is mainly caused by hypercholesterolemia, in the non-indigenous - due to hypertriglyceridemia.

Scientific studies found a direct dependence of the depth of dysbiotic bowel disturbances on the duration of chemotherapy, the nature of comorbidity, severity of clinical symptoms and persistent violations of the functional state of the liver that are difficult to correct by hepatoprotectors.

The response to chemotherapy and CYP2E1 polymorphism gene in groups of ovarian cancer patients and healthy women of Yakut ethnic group was analyzed. Significant differences in the frequency of allele CYP2E1 * 1D (96 bp insertion in the promoter region of the gene) were revealed. The higher content was observed in the group of healthy women.

Survival rate of lung cancer patients was estimated in the Tomsk region. It was shown that 1-year and 5-year observed survival rate in males was lower than in females. Higher values of the adjusted survival rate, than observed, indicated the presence of other causes of death in patients with malignant lung neoplasms. Observed survival rate is higher in urban population, than in rural population. The lowest survival rate is noted in patients with small cell carcinoma. The maximum indicators of 1 and 5-year observed survival rate are diagnosed in males of 40–49 years, in females – in 30–39 years, the minimum rates –in the 70–79 yrs old males, for females – 1-year – in 70–79, 5-year – in 60–69 years. In the males’ population the older age was at diagnosis time, the lower was the five-year survival rate. The median of the observed survival rate without the recorded after death was for males 6. 1 month, for females – 7. 2 months.

Diagnostic algorithms for the prediction of complications of community-acquired pneumonia were worked out, for that 2000 patients with community - acquired pneumonia, men, soldiers undergoing military service, at the age of 18 to 22 years (19, 2 ± 0,19) had been under study.
It was revealed that the proposed diagnostic algorithms helped the practitioner, including the stage of primary health care, in the early terms to suspect the possibility of development of undesirable complications in a community-acquired pneumonia patient, which allows timely adjusting therapeutic and diagnostic tactics and improving outcomes in patients with pneumonia, reducing length of stay in hospital.

A retrospective analysis of case histories of 41 patients hospitalized from 2009 to 2010, undergone arthroscopic intervention for chronic meniscus injuries of the knee joint, was reported. MRI diagnosis of lesions in the knee joint is one of the reliable methods. Quality of life in the postoperative period with post-traumatic arthrosis is lower than in patients without changes in the articular surface.

The treatment of patients with degenerative-dystrophic lesions of the foot joints in order to assess the effectiveness of treatment of patients with new, including the high-tech methods, was analyzed. It was noted that good and excellent outcomes in patients with degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the metatarsophalangeal joints were achieved in 90.74% of cases. Differentiated approach to the choice of surgical treatment of the forefoot in a specialized hospital allows to avoid unwarranted operations, and hence the complications and improve efficiency.

A new approach to the methodology of the osteoplastic surgery in patients with neglected forms of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis with the features of the anatomical structure of the chest and shoulder area is worked out.
Studies in patients with neglected forms of destructive pulmonary tuberculosis showed that simple in technical solution, affordable way of a surgical intervention allows to create collapse of the upper, middle and partly (6 segment) of the lower lobes of the lungs to the boundaries of the mediastinum, thus improving the effectiveness of treatment to 90 cases. In this case, in order to obtain effective lung collapse one should not only remove the rib frame of the chest, but also with the special formula to resect segment of the clavicle, as the holding of the acromioclavicular and sternum joint of shoulder girdle.

The article represents information about advanced modification of biochemical analyzer on strips for immune-enzyme analysis implementation, which area of use is diagnostics of various diseases. Analyzer is oriented to use in small laboratories, where over hundred analyses are realized. The device is one of cheapest but has high metrology. Analyzer is developed with demands and requirements of medical centres on the territory of Republic Sakha (Yakutia).

The influence of some parameters of organization of maternal and child health care service at the regional level of disability of the child population of the Far Eastern Federal District is regarded.

Analyzing the number of children born with perinatal pathology, the author comes to the conclusion that the provision of timely and comprehensive medical and social, psychological and educational assistance to children with complex medical conditions and development. As an innovative approach the authors developed regional model of medical and social, psychological and educational assistance to the children of the first year of life with perinatal pathology and implemented organizational technology medical and social, psychological and pedagogical support for children with perinatal lesions and their consequences.

The purpose of the conducted research was studying of influence of intensive physical activity on indicators of life quality of young sportsmen in Yakutsk 10-18 years, and comparison of parameters of life quality of young sportsmen and their coevals who are not going in for sports. Young sportsmen estimate quality of life on scales of psychosocial functioning higher, than their healthy contemporaries who are not going in for sports. At young sportsmen high indicators of physical and social functioning in all presented sports that confirms high motivation to playing sports and gained satisfaction, the importance of additional education for socialization of children, in comparison with the contemporaries who are not going in for sports. High indicators of life quality of children who are going in for sports, confirm efficiency of actions of preventive medicine.

Studying of health of the families living in northern territories of Krasnoyarsk region became the purpose of our research. On an example of the indigenous and поп-indigenous population of Evenkii the analysis of the social status and health of families is carried out. The conducted research has allowed to define predictors of bad health of the indigenous and поп-indigenous population of northern territories of Krasnoyarsk region: financial trouble of families, bad relationships in a family and an adverse social profile.

Differential modeling of epidemics spread has allowed receiving time dependence of number of the susceptible to the disease, the recovering and infectious patients; timing moment, when number of the infectious patients is maximal.

The data of the official registration by Rospotrebnadzor of acute and chronic hepatitis C virus infections in the Russian Federation and Republic Sakha (Yakutia) are presented. According to the data of «Yakutsk City Hospital» department of viral hepatitis for 2007 – 2011 872 patients diagnosed with hepatitis C were analyzed. The ratio of the various forms of viral hepatitis C, their distribution by age, gender and by stage of disease were determined.

The analysis of gene polymorphism of Y. pseudotuberculosis membrane-associated phospholipase A was carried out. The high conservation of this enzyme at the nucleotide and amino acid levels was revealed. Recombinant phospholipase A expressed in E. coli cells was used as an antigen to detect specific antibodies. Antibodies against this protein were detected in sera of patients with acute intestinal and secondary forms of pseudotuberculosis.

Objective and subjective causes of differences and mistakes in schizophrenia diagnostics were analysed on the basis of examining of two cohorts of patients in Russia and one in Yakutia, medical documents in the period 25-30 years. The obtained results of the research demonstrate preservation of actuality of the same diagnostic problems (in hypo and hyper schizophrenia diagnosis), as 30 years ago. The assumption was made about the importance of further development of diagnostical approaches and methods.

The article presents estimation of the influence of social factors on health of Magan village population, located in the city district «Yakutsk» (II phase of the study).

In this article the biological therapy of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis is represented by new class of drugs. Genetically engineered biological drugs are allowed to use in pediatric rheumatology: etanercept, adalimumab, abatacept, tocilizumab.

The results of portocaval shunting (PCSh) in 61 patients were studied. In all patients they aimed to implement the partial bypass with the limited size of the vascular anastomosis (mean diameter 10 mm), regardless of the version of the overlay anastomosis.
In the majority (67%), the results are satisfactory, and mainly at partial PCSh. Unsatisfactory outcomes of the operation (17 from 20) were due to the development of acute liver failure and encephalopathy, due to the complete reduction of blood flow in the portal vein and total bypass. In the remote period in 61% of patients satisfactory results were noted, mostly at partial bypass and only in 4 people – at total. Unsatisfactory results of the operation were observed in 16 patients, of whom in 12 (75%) at total PCSh and in 4 – at a partial bypass.

Clinical-genealogical observation of a family with five sick siblings where both parents suffered from spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 was carried out. In all five children (siblings) on the results of genetic testing a mutation in SCA1 gene on chromosome 6p was revealed. The result of the quantitative analysis of the mutated gene SCA1 among siblings revealed two homozygotes.

Rather infrequent clinical case of a progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with a lethal outcome at the young patient is submitted.

The inspection of athletes of School of high sports achievements of Yakutia aged 19-29 years showed a non-optimal provision with fat-soluble A and E vitamins in different seasons.

In this study we registered a large cohort of Yakut patients homozygous for the IVS1+1G>A mutation (70 unrelated deaf subjects in total). The extremely high carrier frequency of the IVS1+1G>A mutation from six investigated populations has been found in Yakut population. Reconstruction of 140 haplotypes with IVS1+1G>A mutation demonstrates the common origin of all mutant chromosomes found in Yakuts. The age of mutation was estimated to be approximately 800 years. These findings characterize Eastern Siberia as the region with the most extensive accumulation of the IVS1+1G>A mutation in the world as a result of founder effect.