The purpose of this study was to investigate the numbers of cells with CSC markers in samples of human colorectal cancer (CRC) xenografts isolated in animals with tumors after exposure to the small molecule XAV-939, 5-fluorouracil, and to the combination of XAV-939 with 5-fluorouracil. The model was created in Balb/c Nude mice. Tumor fragments of human CRC were transplanted into adipose tissue of animals under the skin of the right thigh. The fourth xenograft generation was used for the study. Animals were divided into groups receiving XAV-939, 5-fluorouricil, their combination, and the control group. Tumor nodes were measured twice a week; at the end of the experiment, the number of cells with the CSC phenotype was determined in the tumor material of the animals. By the end of the experiment, tumor nodules in the group of animals receiving the combination of drugs were significantly smaller than in the control group. The highest levels of cells with phenotypic signs of CSCs were characteristic of samples from the control group, and for samples obtained from the group receiving 5-fluorouracil as monotherapy. Decreased numbers of these cells were observed in groups receiving XAV-939 and the combination of XAV-939 and 5-fluorouracil.

Anthropometry is known to be a qualitative measure that reflects the level of health state of a population. For the first time, an assessment study on physical development of women in age and ethnic aspects was conducted in the territory of Magadan Region. This research aimed at studying age dynamics in basic anthropometric indicators among women of different ethnicity from different regions of residence, at mature and old ages.

Materials and methods. In the year of 2022 we analyzed data of medical records of one thousand and sixty-four women from Severo-Evensk District and the city of Magadan. The following anthropometric indicators were included in the general database: Body Length, Body Mass, and Waist Circumference, with further calculating the Body Mass Index. The subjective sample was divided into six groups according to the ethnicity, as well as based on the age. The main indicators of physical development were evaluated by standard research methods.

Results. From the obtained data we could see a reduction in subjective Body Length variables with those of Body Mass, Body Mass Index, and Waist Circumference growing with increasing age, from the middle age (maturity) to the elderly period of ontogenesis. In the settlement of Evensk, the percentage of middle-aged women diagnosed with obesity was 40% among Aboriginals and 24% among Caucasians growing up to 68% and 47%, respectively, in old women. The obesity incidence among women of Magadan made up 25% and 45%, respectively.

Conclusion. The observed characteristics indicate unhealthy tendencies, which the increased Body Mass Index suggests owing to shorter Body Length and significantly bigger Body Mass indices progressing from mature to old ages. To a greater extent, obesity is experienced by women of the Aboriginal population of Magadan Region. All the examinees show Waist Circumference measurements that excess the normal standards, which indicate the development of such an unfavorable factor as abdominal obesity.

The age- and ethnicity-based somatometric status was also specified for Magadan Region women, which should be considered when forming the region-related standards of physical development.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases with high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of COPD is closely related to oxidative stress, that is the main mechanism causes accelerated cell senescence. Published data suggest that the COPD pathogenesis may involve stress responses dysregulation that inhibit cellular senescence. We aimed to assess the contribution of sirtuin genes (SIRT2, SIRT1, SIRT3, SIRT6) to the various COPD phenotypes risk.

SNPs of SIRT2 (rs10410544), SIRT1 (rs3758391, rs3818292), SIRT3 (rs3782116, rs536715), SIRT6 (rs107251) genes were genotyped by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) among 1245 samples (severe COPD with frequent exacerbations (N=331), stable COPD with rare exacerbations (N=290) and control (N=624)). Logistic regression was used to detect the association of studied SNPs in different models.

Significant associations with severe COPD phenotype were identified for SIRT1 (rs3818292) (P=0.0097, OR = 1.49 for AG genotype), SIRT3 (rs3782116) (P = 0.0034, OR =0.63) and SIRT3 (rs536715) (P = 0.00001, OR =0.53) under dominant model, and SIRT6 (rs107251) (P = 0.00001, OR =0.55 for СT genotype). Stable COPD phenotype with rare exacerbations was associated with SIRT1 (rs3818292) (P = 0.0055, OR =1.54 for AG genotype), SIRT3 (rs536715) (P = 0.00001, OR =0.48 under dominant model), and SIRT6 (rs107251) (P = 0.0002, OR =0.54 for СT genotype).

The obtained results indicate the contribution of NAD-dependent deacetylase genes of sirtuin family and cellular senescence mechanisms to COPD development. The SIRT3 (rs3782116) identified as a specific marker for severe COPD phenotype with frequent exacerbations.

Taking into account the complex maturation process of dendritic cells under culturing conditions, as well as the available data of morphological characteristics at various pathological conditions, we find it interesting to assess the features of cell morphology in oncological patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the morphological characteristics of the processes of maturation of dendritic cells in breast cancer. In cancer patients, the potential for cellular viability and maturation compared to healthy individuals is reduced in the early days of cultivation, probably due to the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy and radiation therapy at the time of the study. Cell analysis in the last days of cultivation indicates that the processes of activation of monocyte maturation in dendritic cells in in vitro were significantly higher in oncobols than in healthy individuals.

The intergenerational time interval in the Sakha people (Yakuts) was determined by an analysis of genealogical data of 712 families from Namsky, Verkhnekolymsky, Srednekolymsky, Nizhnekolymsky and Elgetsky districts recorded in the 18th – 19th centuries. The male generation interval in the Yakuts averaged 35.7 years, the female generation interval was 30.5 years, which is much higher than the mean general intervals used earlier in population-genetic studies for calculating the time of genetic divergence by the Y chromosome (31-32 years) and mtDNA (25-28 years).

Research objective: to establish the genotype frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms rs4988235 and rs182549 of the MCM6 gene depending on the ethnicity of adolescents in Eastern Siberia (Russians, Khakasses, Tuvans) and to identify the relationship between lactase defi-ciency (LD) and the clinical characteristics of recurrent abdominal pain (RAP).

Materials and Methods: 449 adolescents aged 11-18 years old were examined at schools in three cities of Siberia (Krasnoyarsk, Abakan, Kyzyl) and in-patient hospital in Krasnoyarsk. Lactase deficiency (LD) was diagnosed by the hydrogen breath test (HBT) after oral lactose load using the Gastrolyzer apparatus (Bedfont, UK). In schoolchildren, genomic DNA was isolated from saliva samples by the sorption method using the DIAtom DNA Prep kits (IsoGen, Russia). In inpatient children, DNA was isolated from whole blood by the sorption method from 0.1 ml of a suspension of leukocytes using the DNA-Sorb-B kit (103-20, AmpliPrime, Russia). Genotyping for the carriage of allelic variants rs4988235 and rs182549 of the MCM6 gene was performed on the basis of TaqMan allelic discrimination technology using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) on a detecting thermal cycler «Rotor-Gene 6000» (Corbett Life Science, Australia).

Results: The CC genotype of the rs4988235 polymorphism of the MCM6 gene occurs almost 5 times more often (93%) with a positive HBT than with a negative HBT (22%), p <0.001. Moreover, carriage of the rs4988235*CC genotype has a high sensitivity for LD diagnostics, i.e. 93 (81-99) %, with a relatively low specificity of 77 (69-85) %, which is likely to be due to the presence of secondary LD. A significantly higher prevalence of CC genotypes of both polymorphisms associated with LD has been observed in Mongoloid adolescents (Khakas - 82% and Tuvans - 91%), compared with Russian adolescents - 49%, p<0.001. There was no relationship between genetic markers of LD and RAP, verified according to the J. Apley and N. Naish criteria.

Conclusion: A high diagnostic significance of the rs4988235*CC genotype for LD diagnostics in Siberian adolescents was established. The СС genotype prevalence of both polymorphisms, associated with LD, in Russian adolescents (49%) does not differ from European data, whereas these genotypes were found in the great majority of Mongoloids examined (82-91%), which can be considered to be "paradoxical", given that the southern regions of Central Siberia are characterized by a historically high level of dairy farming development.

Postural disturbance are detected in about 80% of people after a stroke and significantly limit the patient's household and social activity, increase the risk of falls. Stabilometry is a highly informative method for studying the equilibrium function based on the analysis of the parameters of the center of pressure. The purpose of the study: clinical and stabilometric analysis of postural disorders in the complex rehabilitation of patients after a stroke. Materials and methods. The study involved 60 patients (40 men and 20 women, median age 61.0 [56.25; 65.75] years, median rehabilitation start time 30.0 [25.0; 40.75] days). All patients were divided into 2 groups: the first group consisted of 30 people with hemiataxy; the second group - 30 people with hemiparesis. All patients underwent complex rehabilitation and stabilotraining sessions. The dynamics of stabilometric parameters and clinical scales (NIHSS, Rivermead index, Rankin scale, Barthel scale) were assessed. Results. Both groups received statistically significant improvements in the area of the statokinesiogram, velocity of the center of pressure, energy index in both phases of the study, as well as in all clinical scales (p < 0.001). We did not reveal differences in the degree of changes in stabilometric parameters in patients with different stroke syndromes (hemiataxia or hemiparesis) before and after complex rehabilitation (p > 0.05). No correlation was found between stabilometric parameters and clinical scales. Conclusion. Stabilometry is a highly informative method for studying the balance function in patients after a stroke in complex rehabilitation, however, one should take into account the lack of correlation of its parameters with clinical scales.

Objective: to study the relationship between the level of chemerin in blood serum and clinical and laboratory parameters of patients with RA.

Materials and methods. We observed 88 women diagnosed with RA, the average age was 56.4 years [47.5-60.7]. Disease activity according to DAS 28 was 3.50±1.11 (3.27-3.74) points. Articular erosions were present in 69 (78.4%) patients. Serum chemerin levels were determined using the commercial HUMAN CHEMERIN ELISA kit (BioVendor). Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica 12.0 software package for Windows.

Results. The average level of chemerin in patients with RA was 463.5 ng/mL [366-576.5]. The level of chemerin in the blood serum has a direct correlation with the weight and BMI of patients, with the number of painful joints, as well as with the average annual dose of corticosteroids. The average concentration of chemerin in patients with an early stage of RA was significantly higher than in patients with an advanced stage (p=0.037). The difference between the level of chemerin in patients with early and late stages of RA is also close to statistically significant (p=0.066). The level of chemerin is significantly higher in RA patients with diabetes mellitus (p=0.007). The relationship was found chemerin with the level of CRP (Spearman - R=0.272758, p=0.010139). No correlations were found between the concentration of chemerin in the blood serum and the state of the bone tissue.

It can be assumed that chemerin is a typical pro-inflammatory adipokine that modulates inflammation in RA. In our study, in patients with RA, a positive correlation was found between the level of chemerin and weight, as well as BMI of patients. The level of chemerin is significantly higher in RA patients with diabetes mellitus.

The article presents a clinical observation of osteoblastic metastases in a patient with poorly cohesive gastric carcinoma after several years of radical surgery. Multiple osteoblastic metastases sharply worsen the quality of life, adversely affect survival rate, and require timely comprehensive examination of patients with this pathology for early detection of “silent” bone metastases in order to improve long-term results of treatment.

Study objective: to describe a clinical case of osteoblastic metastases in poorly cohesive carcinoma.

Patient L., male, 48 years, was admitted to the RH#1 - NCM Therapy Department (Yakutsk, Russia) for examination with complaints of severe general weakness, severe pain in the hip joints and both lower extremities, sacrum, intensifying during walking and lying down, decreased appetite, dyssomnia due to pain syndrome.

In the Therapy Department the patient underwent CBC, biochemical analysis of blood, instrumental research. He received symptomatic treatment: table 5 diet, Nutriflex 40/80 intravenously. for parenteral nutrition, omeprazole with an antiulcer purpose, tramadol 2.0 ml and diclofenac 3.0 ml for pain control, vitamins B12 200 mcg per day, ketotifen 1 mg 1 time in the evening with a sedation. The condition is unchanged, the expressed pain syndrome in the hip joints and sacrum remains.

The patient was discharged with recommendations and referred to the Yakutsk Republican Oncological Dispensary to an oncologist and a chemotherapist for the selection of effective analgesic drug therapy and possible local radiation therapy.

Conclusion. Poorly cohesive gastric carcinoma is often diagnosed at late stages and has a poor prognosis. Our clinical case demonstrates that this form of cancer can be a source of multiple osteoblastic metastases, which drastically worsens the quality of life and adversely affects survival rate, and requires a timely comprehensive examination of patients with this pathology for early detection of “silent” bone metastases in order to improve long-term treatment results.

This article describes the neuropsychological study of patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 according to the clinic register YSC CMP. The purpose of the study was to identify neuropsychological features of SCA1. This study involved 34 patients, of whom 9(26,5%) were men and 25(73,5%) women. The average age of the patients is 52. As a result of the study, neuropsychological features manifested in SCA type 1 were identified.

A sociological study was conducted to study the attitude of young people to artificial termination of pregnancy. In our study, the majority of young people not only condemn abortions (31.3%), but also believe that it is possible to allow artificial termination of pregnancy only for strict medical reasons (26%), legislative prohibition is supported by 7.7% of respondents. About a third of the respondents (29.3%) adhere to liberal views on termination of pregnancy, they consider this procedure normal – "a woman has the right to decide for herself."A significant positive correlation was established between having children and the respondents' attitude to abortion (ꭓ2= 20,815; p=0.000). In our study, having children determines the negative attitude towards artificial termination of pregnancy.

Patients with cervical pathology were analyzed by cytological, immunocytochemical and molecular genetic tests. Among the selected groups, 78 women were more likely to have low-grade dysplasia, or LSIL (16.3%). In more than half of the cases (60.2%) in women who were tested, positive HPV tests were observed. The majority of positive HPV tests in the were for high oncogenic risk (32%), with 16 (19.1%) and 31 (8.5%) being the most common types. It was found that the frequency of double staining of p16ink4a/Ki67 was noted in women with a high degree of intraepithelial lesion (37%), and the detection of HPV type 16 was prevailed - 19.1%. The number of cases in the group of women without pathology, but with latent HPV infection, cases with a positive HPV test and a negative result of p16/Ki67 protein expression prevailed was 94.1%. It was found that the number of p16-positive cells was higher in women of group 1 with LSIL (55.8%) and group 2 (44.4%) with HSIL. In the group of women without cervical pathology, but with latent HPV infection, indicators of weak expression of p16ink4a were most frequently recorded (57.1%).

A radiological and medical-biological study of the population of Aldan and Tommot of the Aldan region of South Yakutia, located in the zone of increased natural radiation, was carried out. The annual individual effective exposure dose to the population turned out to be 2 times higher in the city of Aldan (6.22 mSv). The contribution of radon and its decay products in the city of Aldan was 59.5%, in the city of Tommot - 48.3%.

Assessment of the adaptive potential (AP) of the circulatory system of the population showed a high percentage of the occurrence of functional stress of adaptation mechanisms, especially among residents of the city of Aldan (86.5%). The correlation showed a negative role of an increase in the level of triglycerides, urea, the activity of LDH, CK, and a decrease in the activity of alkaline phosphatase on AP. The presence of GBL dysfunction and, especially, fatty hepatosis was also associated with a decrease in AP.

The relevance of studying the state of children's health is closely related to the issues of their physical development, which is one of its main indicators. Our article presents data from the analysis of the anthropometric indicators of preschool children living in the regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The study was conducted in 17 municipal districts representing 5 socio-economic zones of the republic: arctic, eastern, western, central, southern. A total of 643 pupils of preschool educational institutions aged 3 to 6 years were examined. The study group on physical development consisted of children with an actual age of 3 years in the amount of 208 people and children of 6 years old in the amount of 127 people.

A retrospective analysis of the database of the register of patients with immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases receiving treatment with biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs in the Novosibirsk region was carried out, which included 318 patients, 94 of whom had indications of pneumonia during the period from 01.04.2020 to 31.12.2020.

There was a statistically significant increase in the risk of developing pneumonia over the age of 60 years and in patients receiving rituximab, while the therapy with TNF-α inhibitors significantly reduced the risk of developing pneumonia.

The aim of the study was to analyze frequency of the EPHX1 gene polymorphism (rs1051740) associated with diseases of the upper airways and elevated manganese levels in biological media of children from an industrial area located in the Southern Siberia.

Materials and methods. We examined children aged 4-7 years who permanently lived in an industrial area in the Southern Siberia. It was a monotown with its economy dominated by a large non-ferrous metallurgy plant. The test group was made of 60 children who were often sick (more than 6 times a year) for a long time. The reference group included 39 conditionally healthy children with manganese levels in their blood being within the reference range. We identified frequency of polymorphism of the microsomal epoxide hydrolase EPHX1 gene (rs1051740) and the cytochrome C level using PCR and ELISA accordingly. The statistical significance was taken at p

Results and discussion. Average manganese levels were 1,8 times significantly higher in blood of the children from the test group than in the reference one. We established statistically significant authentic differences in frequencies of the EPHX1 gene genotypes and alleles (rs1051740) between the test and reference groups (the C/C genotype was 3,2 times more frequent; the С allele, 1,5 times, p

Conclusions. The study established several peculiarities in children who often had diseases of the upper air ways (the test group). They had elevated manganese levels in their blood, higher than its safe level; the serum cytochrome C level was lower in them; they more frequently had the C/C genotype (OR=4,05, 95% CI=1,26-13,05) and the С allele (OR=1,98, 95% CI=1,09-3,60) of the EPHX1 gene (rs1051740). Many authors believe polymorphism of this gene to be a risk factor able to cause respiratory diseases. Deficiency of microsomal epoxide hydrolase 1, combined with the candidate gene polymorphism, disrupts detoxification, promotes accumulation of non-conjugated chemical exogenous factors (manganese), inhibits anti-oxidation and weakens the immunity. All this makes children who live in the analyzed town fall sick with respiratory diseases more frequently.

Background. Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease with multifactorial pathogenesis. Risk factors for developing knee OA include age, genetic predisposition, and obesity. The share of genetic factors in the development of the disease accounts for up to 50 %. Despite the obvious association between obesity and knee OA, studies that reveal the role of genetic factors in the development of the disease in the interaction with obesity or overweight are extremely limited.

The aim of the study: To study the association of candidate genes polymorphic loci GDF5 (rs143384), NFAT5 (rs6499244), WWP2 (rs34195470), SBNO1 (rs1060105, rs56116847) with the development of knee OA in patients with obesity.

Materials and methods. The sample for the study included 322 obese individuals: 255 patients with OA of the knee and 67 people in the control group. Genotyping of DNA samples from all study participants was performed using standard real-time PCR on CFX96 amplifier (USA). Associations of genetic markers with knee OA in obese patients were assessed using the odds ratio and 95 % confidence interval.

Results. Analysis of the associations of the studied polymorphic loci with the development of knee OA in obese patients revealed significant differences only for the GDF5 (rs143384) gene polymorphism. It was established that the frequency of the G/G genotype rs143384 in obese knee OA patients was 14.12 %, which is 1.8 times less compared to the control (25.36 %, p = 0.043, OR = 0.48).

Conclusions. The modifying role of obesity on the nature of the rs143384 polymorphic marker GDF5 gene associations with the developing knee OA in the population of the Russia Central Chernozem Region was shown. The G/G genotype rs143384 was found to be a protective factor in the development of knee OA in obese patients.

An analysis was made of the primary incidence of breast cancer (BC) among women in the Irkutsk region for 2011–2021. and mortality from it in comparison with data for the Russian Federation in order to assess the situation. According to the results of the analysis, an increase in the relative indicators of the primary incidence of breast cancer in the region by 25%, in the Russian Federation – by 17%. At the same time, the upward trend in indicators is more pronounced in the region: the average growth rate is +2.2% against +1.8% in Russia. In 2021, the region recorded an excess of the all-Russian primary incidence of breast cancer by 9% and in all age groups by 1.1–1.3 times, except for women 75–79 and over 85 years old. During the study period, mortality from breast cancer in the Irkutsk region changed little, while in the Russian Federation there is a downward trend with an average annual rate of 1.5%. Standardized indicators characterizing the true situation with breast cancer indicate that the Irkutsk region is not well: the mortality rate for 2011–2021 exceeded the national average by 9%, and in 2021 the region ranked 6th among the subjects of the Russian Federation in terms of primary morbidity and 8th in terms of mortality.

A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2020 to January 2021 and included 142 neonates born with a gestational age of more than 37 0/7 weeks. The aim of the work was an individual assessment of the oxidative stress index (OSI) in newborns of HIV-infected mothers. Materials and methods: the state of the LPO–AOD system was assessed by determining the content of lipid peroxidation oxidation substrates with conjugated double bonds (DB), diene conjugates (DC), ketodienes and conjugated trienes (KD and CT), TBA-active products in the blood (TBA-AP), retinol, α-tocopherol, reduced (GSH) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. OSI was used to evaluate differences in lipid peroxidation processes in HIV-exposed uninfected newborns. Results: The index of oxidative stress in the group of HIV-exposed uninfected newborns was detected 1.98 times higher compared to healthy newborns and was 2.5 and 1.26, respectively. The value of the oxidative stress coefficient indicates a significant imbalance in the LPO-AOP system reflecting the enhancement of the lipid peroxidation processes. An increase in the concentration of substrates and products of peroxidation leads to the destruction of lipids, and, consequently, to the degradation of the cell membrane complex. Conclusion: The integral oxidative stress index is recommended as a general indicator that characterizes the level of lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant protection factors in a particular group. Also, OSI is more sensitive indicator than separated components of the system, which objectively represents the LPO–AOD system malfunctioning, and provides the comprehensive view to the both lipid peroxidation processes and the level (effectiveness) of protective factors. To summarize, the results of the study point to the need to further investigations aimed to determination of prognostically significant markers in PVEN, which could be involved or could indicate the pathological processes both in the early neonatal period and in the later stages of infant development.

In this work, we searched for the missense variant c.757A>G p.(Ile253Val) of the SLC26A4 gene in GJB2-negative patients with hearing loss (n=201) and in the control group of hearing individuals (n=103) in Yakutia. As a result, this variant was detected with a frequency of 2.02% among patients, in the control group - 1.94%. To interpretation the clinical significance, a frequency analysis of this variant and in silico evaluation were performed, the results of which are in favor of the likely benign of the c.757A>G p.(Ile253Val) variant of the SLC26A4 gene, as indicated by the high frequency of occurrence in population samples, and the fact that this missense substitution theoretically does not violate the structural stability of the pendrin protein (SLC26A4).

Manifestations of endothelial dysfunction that occur in response to microbial invasion in inflammatory periodontal diseases may underlie the occurrence and progression of these diseases. The aim of the study was to determine the level of secretion of adhesive molecules of the selectin family and the superfamily of immunoglobulins in the gingival/periodontal pocket and their relationship with marker periodontal pathogens.

For the study, flushes of the gingival pocket (a total of 88 samples) of patients with chronic generalized periodontitis and intact periodontitis were obtained. The content of soluble forms of the adhesion molecules sICAM-1, sVCAM, sE-selectin, and sL-selectin was determined by ELISA. Marker periodontal pathogens were isolated by real-time PCR. The study revealed changes in the adhesiveness of molecules in individuals with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP): the concentrations of sL-and sE-selectin molecules in the gingival/periodontal pocket discharge in patients with CGP increased by an average of 80,4% (p=0.045) and 63,6% (p=0,038), respectively. While the concentrations of adhesive proteins of the superfamily of immunoglobulins sICAM-1 and sVCAM in individuals with CGP exceeded the corresponding concentrations of the control group to a greater extent: 9,7 (p=0,022) and 18,1 (p=0,023) times, respectively. The frequency of detection of periodontal pathogenic bacteria genes was 96,4% in patients with CGP and 28,6% in the group with intact periodontitis. Statistically significant correlations of moderate and high degree were found between the content of sVCAM and T. forsythia (r=0,683, p=0,02) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (r=0,621, p=0,04), as well as sICAM-1 and P. gingivalis (r=0,628, p <0,001) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (r=0,821, p=0,04) in the group of patients with CGP. In the examined patients with intact periodontitis, weak negative correlation between sL-selectin and T. denticola was found (r=-0,482, p=0,03). Thus, elevated concentrations of the soluble adhesive molecules sICAM-1, sVCAM, sE-and sL-selectin may indicate endothelial cell alteration due to persistent inflammatory process caused by virulence factors of specific subgingival bacterial flora.

Four hundred and fifty-two male residents of Magadan Region were examined to study ontogenetic features in their thermal imaging pictures. Based on the subjective age which ranged 15-74, four groups were formed: adolescents, young men, mature men, and elderly men. The indicators of thermography, hemodynamics, gas exchange and energy metabolism were analyzed We could see the temperatures in both individual zones of the body and weighted averages through all analyzed spots drop in increasing reliance on age. The daily energy consumption at rest, oxygen consumption per kg of the body weight, as well as the oxygen utilization factor were also maximal in the group of young men and minimal in older men. The average group indices of peripheral vascular resistance increasingly varied from adolescents to the elderly, while the cardiac output values dropped in more than half within the same age range.

Aim: to evaluate the influence of circannual dynamics of meteorological factors of the temperate continental climate on the levels of sex hormones and dopamine as well as antisperm antibodies in men living in subarctic environmental conditions.

Materials and methods. The concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, progesterone, dopamine, cortisol, total and free testosterone, estradiol, sex hormone-binding globulin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, antisperm antibodies were determined in the blood by the enzyme immunoassay on a quarterly basis (December, March, June, September) for one year in 20 healthy men of Arkhangelsk. The relationships between the hormonal data and the climatic data were assessed by using the Spearman correlation coefficient.

Results. Seasonal fluctuations in the levels of estradiol and antisperm antibodies are comparable to changes in the daylight hours, fluctuations in atmospheric pressure, temperature and relative humidity. Seasonal changes in luteinizing hormone levels are associated with the fluctuations in atmospheric air pressure. Daylight affect annual dopamine dynamics, which also correlated with atmospheric pressure and relative air humidity. Total and free testosterone levels in men are relatively constant throughout the year and do not appear to be influenced by the weather factors.

Conclusion. An increase in day length and air temperature is associated with an increase in estradiol and dopamine levels and a decrease in antisperm antibodies values. We believe that the seasonality of estradiol and antisperm antibodies is a daylight effect mediated by changes in the melatonin levels, just as dopamine seasonality is mediated by changes in vitamin D levels.

The review is devoted to the generalization of modern knowledge about such a type of cell death as apoptosis. To date, it is known that apoptosis is not just a programmed cell death that ensures the elimination of old cells with minimal damage to surrounding tissues, but it is also a complex mechanism that can promote survival and proliferation, as well as induce and suppress the inflammatory process. Drugs that cause enhanced apoptosis are being actively studied for the treatment of oncological diseases. The mechanisms of cell death selection are still being studied, but it is already known that weak effects on the macroorganism promote the activation of apoptosis and autophagy, while stronger effects promote necrosis. Low levels of apoptosis contribute to the accumulation of damaged cells, aging, and genome instability. Reduced accumulation of senescent cells improves homeostasis and lifespan.

In recent decades the contribution of polymorphic variants of genes encoding neuroinflammation and neuroprotection proteins in pathology of the nervous system has been actively studied. Numerous studies have demonstrated the most important structural and functional role of single nucleotide variants in the BDNF and CNTF genes in the brain. This review provides evidence of the association of polymorphic loci of the BDNF and CNTF genes with a number of neurological disorders. It was found that an increased risk of developing depressive disorders, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are characteristic of the BDNF rs6265 polymorphism carriers. Moreover, the above mutation affects the length of stay in rehabilitation and the duration of remission in patients with substance dependence. A number of authors provide contradictory information about the relationship of the BDNF rs6265 genetic variant with changes in neurotrophin levels in schizophrenia. The BDNF rs6265 A/A genotype carriers in Caucasian and Asian populations showed an increased risk of the disease. The CNTF rs1800169 genetic variant does not affect the risk of schizophrenia in general but may play a more prominent role in its clinical manifestations together with other CNTF gene mutations. Some studies have shown an association of the rs1800169 polymorphism in the CNTF gene with schizophrenia spectrum disorders. A number of studies have confirmed a negative association between the rs1800169 polymorphism in the CNTF gene and Alzheimer's disease. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of the BDNF and CNTF genetic variants in pathology of the nervous system and to find an effective treatment.

The scientific review highlights the results of studies of the features of the circulatory system diseases (CSD) and human body parameters among the inhabitants of Yakutia and confirms the existence of a research backlog for studying the association of CSD regional characteristics with the body composition, determined by bioimpedance analysis. The relevance of continuing to study the regional characteristics of CSD is confirmed by the data of Rosstat, indicating the predominance of working-age population CSD mortality in Yakutia over the national indicator.

A one-time study of the working population of non-indigenous nationality in the southern zone of Yakutia was carried out. A total of 78 people were analyzed, including 31 men, Me age 45.0 [35.0-54.0] years, and 47 women, Me - 43.5 [36.0-53.0] years. A high incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection was found, regardless of comorbidity. The association of HP infection with body mass index, waist circumference, lipid spectrum disorders and metabolic syndrome according to IDF 2005 criteria was not obtained (p˃0.05). In the course of the study, the relationship between NAFLD and infection with Helicobacter pylori infection was not obtained (p˃0.05).

According to the data obtained, there is an increase in the levels of low and medium molecular weight substances and oligopeptides in plasma, erythrocytes, and urine, depending on body weight. In obese individuals, there was a significant increase in the concentrations of low and medium molecular weight substances and oligopeptides compared to those with normal body weight in all biological samples studied, indicating endogenous intoxication in the body of obese individuals.

The article presents the interesting clinical case of acute toxic hepatitis in a child suffering from diabetes mellitus of the 1st type against the background of taking analgesic drugs.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening variant of hemorrhagic stroke. Therapeutic normothermia to reduce the risk of adverse outcomes. At the same time, the initially existing decompensation of body systems, followed by induced normothermia, gives impetus to the development of a number of pathophysiological processes in the human body.

Objective. Timely detection and adequate correction of endocrinopathy of critical illness in patients in the most acute period of SAH against the background of therapeutic normothermia with a target temperature regime of 36 °C.

Materials and methods. A 57-year-old patient with a diagnosis of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, saccular aneurysm of the anterior communicating artery and anterior cerebral artery, Hunt Hess III.

Results. The development of critically ill adrenal dysfunction considered based on the need for vasopressors. Thyroid dysfunction caused by a critical illness considered with a decrease in the level of TSH and free T3 in blood plasma against the background of therapeutic normothermia, the development of intestinal dysfunction and sinus bradycardia.

Conclusions. Against the background of the introduction of hydrocortisone at an initial dose of 300 mg, the administration of norepinephrine discontinued on the third day. When levothyroxine sodium 300 mcg/day added to therapy, intestinal dysfunction resolved, normal resting heart rate achieved.

This article presents a clinical case of newly diagnosed megaloblastic anemia in a 15-yearold teenager girl from the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), in combination with intercurrent disease COVID-19. The new coronavirus infection occurs rapidly on the background of of suppressed hematopoiesis, with the development of complications in the form of community-acquired bilateral severe polysegmental pneumonia and bilateral exudative pleurisy, which required observation and treatment in a hospital. The performed standard complex therapy for megaloblastic anemia and pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2 made it possible to achieve clinical and laboratory improvement in the patient and restore the function of the red bone marrow.

In this article, on the example of clinical observation, the course of imported dengue fever from the Kingdom of Thailand is presented. The disease proceeded with symptoms of lymphadenopathy, rash, hyperemia of the pharynx with symptoms of enanthema and mild intoxication syndrome. It is necessary to differentiate dengue fever from other infectious pathologies that occur with exanthema syndrome, enanthema, and enlarged lymph nodes. An epidemiological history also plays a significant role in the diagnostic search; if tourists who have returned from endemic countries have a fever, it is necessary to conduct an examination for Dengue fever.

The article presents the features of diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of a premature baby with non-immune dropsy on the background of a chromosomal anomaly (Down syndrome). The data of scientific literature on the epidemiology and etiology of this disease are analyzed, as well as the outcomes of the disease are considered.