In the article clinical and epidemiological “portrait” of a cardiovascular pathology in Yakutia with the purpose of development of the scientifically-proved programs of primary and secondary preventive maintenance in region is presented.
Results of inspection of the population of Republic Sakha (Yakutia) on results of one-stage epidemiological and clinical researches are analysed.
High morbidity of diseases of system of blood circulation, high prevalence of the arterial hypertension, rather favorable structure of lipid spectrum of blood are revealed. The risk of the general death rate, death rate from cardiovascular diseases correlates with the age, a level of systolic arterial pressure, superfluous weight of a body, the status of smoking and inversely proportional to an educational level. It is recommended to raise efficiency of the Republican target subprogram «Preventive maintenance and treatment of an arterial hypertension» and to strengthen cardiological service of Republic Sakha (Yakutia).

The purpose of research. An estimation of a condition of lipid peroxide oxidation and antioxidant protection at patients with a sharp and chronic virus hepatites.
Materials and methods. 21 patients with a sharp virus hepatitis (SVH) in the age of from 17 till 39 years were investigated, from them 18 person were younger than 30 years. 53 patients were with a chronic virus hepatitis in the age of from 20 till 58 years, middle age of patients with a chronic virus hepatitis has made 42 years. 30 person have made a control group.
Activity of enzymes was defined on the biochemical analyzer “COBAS MIRA Plus”, intensity of the POL was defined on accumulation of the malon dialdegide (MDA) with use of tiobarbiture acid. Parameters of the antioxidant protection of an organism were defined under the total maintenance of low-molecular antioxidants (LMAO), activity of superoxidedysmutase (SOD), catalase and glutathionreductase (GR). For statistical processing of the received data we used t-criterion of Student. Results of research. Activity of the enzymes describing a functional condition of a liver, was high at all patients as at infected by a virus A, also by a virus B. Current of a sharp virus hepatitis is accompanied with expressed hyperfermentemia and is characterized by essential prevalence of pro-oxidant processes above antioxidant ones.
Feature of a chronic virus hepatitis at inhabitants of Yakutia is active current of pathological process which is expressed in high intensity of peroxide oxidation of lipids and hyperfermentemia.
Conclusions. The sharp virus hepatitis is characterized by attributes of oxidizing stress. At chronicity of a virus hepatitis intensity of peroxide oxidation of lipids decreases, and all the parameters reflecting a condition of antioxidant system of an organism, increase in comparison with those at a sharp virus hepatitis.

The comparative estimation of different variants of surgical interventions effitiency has been held among 127 patients with acute biliary pancreatitis, who has had a treatment in clinic in the period from 1996 on 2006. It is established, that at patients suffering from acute destructive calculous cholecystitis complicated with a mechanic jaundice with attributes of enzymatic peritonitis, retrograde pancreatocholangiography (RPCG) should be held executed in a day of traditional cholecystactomy operation with choledocholytotomy and drenage of the common bilious duct through the stump of holecysticus duct and omental bursa through foramen of Winslow. RPCG and endoscopic papillosphincterotomy (EPST) should be the first stage in treatment of this disease at the rest of patients. At the second stage operation of a choice is laparoscopic holecystectomy. Due to the application of developed medical tactics, it is probably possible to lower a level of lethality and quantity of postoperative complications in comparison with alternative methods of biliary pancreatitis surgical treatment.

The purpose of research. The analysis of polymorphism of the autosomal microsatellites used in judicial-genetic examination, in populations of Yakutia (Yakuts, Evenks, Yukaghirs and Dolgans).
Materials and methods. 227 samples of DNA of representatives of indigenous people of RS (Y) with use of a method of polymerase chain reaction were genotyped.
Results of research. Frequencies of alleles and genotypes of microsatellite markers of a nuclear genome D3S1358, D16S539, LPL, HUM vWFII and D8S179 are defined. The estimation of parameters of suitability of the given markers for identification problems is lead.
The conclusion. Investigated autosomal microsatellite loci will be used in the further in criminalist and judiciary practice of our region, namely in molecular and genetic analyses of identification of the person, and also at an establishment of consanguinity.

The purpose of research. The analysis of associations of polymorphic variants of interleukine genes IL1B, IL1RN, IL12B, TNFA, IL10 with risk of development of a multiple sclerosis at Russian and the Yakuts living in territory of Republic Sakha (Yakutia).
Materials and methods. 64 patients with the diagnosis a multiple sclerosis and the unrelated healthy persons selected on the basis of similarity to patients to attributes of age, sex and nationality (260 p. are surveyed.). Comparative analysis of polymorphism of interleukine genes (IL1B, IL1RN, IL12B, TNFa, IL10) is lead to two race - and ethnically differing groups of Yakuts and Russian inhabitants of Republic Sakha (Yakutia).
Results. In sample of Yakuts, in comparison with Russians, statistically significant prevalence of frequency of potentially pathological alleles is established: IL1B* (+3953Ф1) (0900 and 0,796 for Yakuts and Russian accordingly, р=0,001), IL12B* 1188С (0,331 and 0,191 accordingly, р <0,001), IL10* (-592С) (0,579 and 0,296 accordingly, р <0,001) and low frequency of the allele IL1RN* A2 (0,158 and 0,275 accordingly, р=0,002). Associations with a multiple sclerosis with one of the investigated polymorphic variants at Russian are not revealed. At the Yakuts with a multiple sclerosis, in comparison with the control, prevalence of frequency of the allele TNFa*А (0,357 and 0,133 accordingly, р=0,005) is shown.

In the given research, we lead the comparison of frequencies of clinical neural symptoms in two groups with chronic forms Viliuisk encephalomyelitis and with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. It is established, that clinical attributes of chronic forms Viliuisk encephalomyelitis are infringement of gait, increase of a muscular tone of legs, dementia, oligobradikinesia, infringement of speech, pathological reflexes, pelvic frustration. MRI attributes of a brain are the expressed hydrocephaly and an atrophy of a brain. Detection IgG in liquor is rather sensitive criterion and can serve as additional trouble-shooting test at Viliuisk encephalomyelitis

On the basis of the all-round analysis of the initial documentation of 2150 women with mammary cancer dynamics of an oncological situation (1990-2004) is investigated, the prognosis is made. Parameters of disease incidence have well defined territorial, populational and ethnic conditionality. The social - active part of the female population is most subject to a mammary cancer.

The purpose of research. Studying (estimation) of a parity normal (+ / + and 0 / +) and zero (0/0) genotypes of glutation-Stransferase genes Т1 (GSTT1) in patients with malignant neoplasms of a gastroenteric tract.
Material and methods. In the present work 61 patient with malignant neoplasms of a stomach and intestines of the I - IV stages has been surveyed. Group of comparison was made from 30 patients with chronic diseases and good-quality changes in mucous of the gastroenteric tract and 100 healthy donors of a comparable sex and age. All patients have received the surgical treatment, the removed tissues were taken for histologic research which was spent in branch of pathological morphology of the Tomsk regional oncological clinic and in branch of pathological morphology MCCH-81 (Seversk).
The received results enable us to assume, that the lowered activity or absence of some enzymes of the second phase of the detoxication promotes longer preservation in an organism of intermediate products of xenobiotic biotransformation which at the initial stages can be rather toxic, show more expressed mutagen and cancerogenic activity in comparison with native xenobiotics [2, 7] and due to it becomes one of predisposing etiological factors of development of a cancer.

The purpose of research - the comparative clinic-morphological characteristic of a chronic gastritis with the lowered secretion in view of a HP seeding degree in dynamics for the 17-years period in the indigenous population of the Western Yakutia.
Materials and methods. Object of research is the contingent of adult indigenous population of vil. Viluchan Suntarskii region. Under our supervision were 146 patients with chronic gastritis (ChG) with the lowered secretion, including 69 men and 77 women who had been passed clinic-endoscopic survey since 1990 in dynamics within 17 years.
Results. Long-term clinic-endoscopic and morphological supervision have shown continuously progressing current of a chronic atrophic gastritis with high frequency of hyperplastic, metaplastic and dysplastic processes at increase of НР infect, confirmed by histologic researches.
HP importance in formation and progressing of a chronic gastritis, especially in antral department of a stomach is established.

The purpose of research. To estimate frequency of complications and failures of various forms of a pneumonia in the indigenous and non-indigenous population of Yakutia with application of methods of beam diagnostics.
Materials and methods. The estimation of frequency and kinds of complications is lead at inspection of 149 patients with share, focal, infiltrative and abscessed forms of a pneumonia depending on duration of residing in the North (in the indigenous and 3 groups of non-indigenous population) and dynamic monitoring behind outcomes of disease with application of methods of beam diagnostics.
Results. Carried out research has revealed high frequency of complication of a pneumonia in the form of a pleurisy at all forms, mainly at infiltrative and abscessed form (45,7 %), more often at group with the experience of residing in the North more than 10 years. The failure in the form of formation of residual changes in lungs after clinical recover was observed at 18,8 % of patients and was characteristic for the indigenous population and non-indigenous one residing in the North more than 10 years.
The conclusion. Obtained data about high frequency of complications in development of irreversible cicatricial changes after the transferred pneumonia in Yakutia matter for development of the scientifically-proved programs of preventive maintenance of the given disease in region.