Experience of treatment of children with congenital choledochal cyst from 2011 for 2016 is reflected in article. The comparative analysis of result of operations showed advantages of an endosurgical method of treatment: minimum injury, smooth postoperative period, reduction of days of stay of the patient in a hospital, economy of dressing rooms and pharmaceuticals. In this regard the endosurgical method of treatment can be offered as operation of the choice at expeditious treatment of choledochal cyst.

We presented experience of performance of 22 laparoscopy pyeloplasty at children. Assessment of duration of operations, postoperative day and complications is carried out. The methods of drainage are analyzed as well.

The paper presents an analysis of introduction into clinical practice of a new method of urethroplasty in the PC RH №1-NCM.

The article presents the results of treatment of sacro-coccygeal teratomas in newborn in the period from 2001 to 2015. In the majority of the newborns the pathology was detected prenatally. In 30% of cases there is a malignant course of sacro-coccygeal teratoma.

The article describes the experience of treatment of acute adhesive intestinal obstruction. The authors analyzed the literature data of etiopathogenesis of the disease, changed terms of radiological investigations, diagnostic laparoscopy is used for diagnosis and assessment of severity of adhesions in children. The effectiveness of the using of laparoscopy in urgent inflammatory operations in children in reducing the frequency of adhesive intestinal obstruction is proved; diagrams of prevention of adhesion obstruction of the abdomen are given. As a result of activities, the frequency of intra-abdominal complications reduced to three times.

The article describes the analysis of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and etiotropic antibacterial treatment of appendicular peritonitis in children. We proved effectiveness of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis, the incidence of infections complicating surgical interventions has decreased. Etiotropic antibacterial treatment of appendicular peritonitis in children reduced the frequency of intra-abdominal complications to three times.

The exceptional case from clinical practice – a combination of a congenital hypertrophic pylorostenosis to a membrane of the piloryc channel of a stomach at the child of an age of 1 month who was admitted with a X-ray and clinic picture of a partial high intestinal obstruction is presented. The membrane of the piloryc channel of a stomach is found during a repeated operative measure when performing intraoperative fibrogastroscopy.

A comparative evaluation of the outcomes of radical operations showed that in abdominal perineal proctoplasty of Soave-Lenyushkin and Duhamel the patients often have postoperative complications such as postoperative peritonitis, enterocolitis, encopresis, «residual» zone of aganglionosis, which required repeated operations and a long «cost» recovery. Similar complications were not observed after the transanal relegation of De La Torre-Mondraqon.

The article reflects the relevance of the problem of surgical treatment of pectus excavatum (PE) in children; a comparative analysis of surgical treatment of patients with PE is presented, major part of which was operated by the Nuss-procedure method. The main advantages of this method, aimed at reducing intraoperative and postoperative complications, contributing to the reduction of the period of complete rehabilitation of the patient, are distinguished.

We presented our own clinical observation of a latent mastoiditis. This clinical observation substantiates the need for timely diagnosis and surgical treatment mastoiditis.

Our research was devoted to the structure of pathological processes of organs and systems in children with congenital clefts of the upper lip and palate living in severe climatic conditions of Yakutia. The received results characterize the relevance of associated diseases at children with congenital clefts of the upper lip and/or palate. This situation needs further research with the development and deployment of the complex program of medical-social rehabilitation of congenital malformation of maxillofacial area and their prophylaxis among children living in conditions of high latitudes.

The purpose of the work was to evaluate life quality in children after Pectus excavatum operation in the remote periods. The main operational methods included surgery by the Nuss and Ravich method. According to the results of the research conducted on the basis of the SF36 questionnaire we proved the high effectiveness of surgical treatment in children with Pectus excavatum II-III stages. And also we proved the significant importance of the selected method of surgical treatment.

The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of treatment of children of the 1st year of life with birth and burn injury by complex examination, considering not only the nature of the trauma (type, location, area, depth of lesion), but also the severity of the pain syndrome, the clinical indices of central hemodynamics (pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, rhythm and sonority of cardiac tones, hourly diuresis), electrocardiogram parameters.

At present, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) hasn’t objective reliable markers for its early determination. This article presents results of studying of the structural and functional properties of the erythrocyte membranes with original method of automatic registration of the acid and osmotic erythrograms in 50 healthy and 90 newborns with NEC. As a result of our research we received two reliable markers changing their values, depending on the NEC stages.

Inadequate efficiency of traditional complex treatment of patients with purulent perforated peritonitis of appendicular origin was established in connection with the resistance of the Pseudomonas flora to traditional antibacterial drugs. Complex treatment of patients with Pseudomonas perforated peritonitis is effectively supplemented by the developed differentiated anti-Pseudomonas therapy. It is effectively used in such patients in the prevention of the development of abdominal Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis and complete clinical recovery of patients.

The article presents the results of the study of the peculiarities of central hemodynamics at complicated destructive appendicitis by the method of Poedindtsev-Voronova using the device «Cardiocode». As a result of the study, 3 hemodynamic parameters were detected, significantly changing their values depending on the stage of the inflammatory process in the appendix.

The study reports the results of the comparative analysis of treatment of patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), performed between 2008 and 2015. We conducted a comparative analysis across the surgeries using synthetic and biological implants. The research showed the benefits of the biological implant. Its usage allows the surgeon to achieve correction of CDH in aplasia of the dome of the diaphragm; the followup of patients confirmed that the results were maintained over the long term.

Yakutia is an adverse region in the epidemiology of the autosomal dominant form of spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1). Over the past 21 years, the number of carriers of the SCA1 mutation in the Republic Sakha (Yakutia) has reached 46 cases per 100,000 people of the Yakut population and is the highest in the world. Currently, there are no known effective methods of pathogenetic treatment. In general, symptomatic treatment of clinical manifestations of SCA1 is practiced. The article briefly describes the main results obtained to date in the world, on the disclosure of the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis of SCA1 and ways to find promising means for the treatment of this disease.

In order to determine the most significant risk factors for osteoporosis (OP) in individuals living in the Arctic region, bone mineral density (BMD) was studied using the GE Lunar Achilles ultrasound densitometer and a questionnaire was conducted for men and women of different age groups. The study revealed a decrease in BMD (in comparison with age norm) in the age group up to 50 years, and at the age of 50 and older – osteoporosis and osteopenia in more than half of the subjects. Low-energy fractures were more frequent at the age of 50 years and older, that indicates severe forms of osteoporosis in these individuals. The use of dairy products was a significant risk factor for OP, as patients with fractures used dairy products less frequently than people without fractures (p <0.05). Thus, it was found that inadequate consumption of dairy products, age, early menopause, history of a fracture are the main risk factors for OP, significantly affecting the density of bone tissue and the frequency of low-energy fractures.

The purpose of this study is to assess morphological and morphometric parameters of the neocortex and hippocampus neurons of old rats exposed to one-time combined stress by noise, light and immobilization for an hour. Experimental materials were taken by decapitation, on the 7^th day in the morning hours. We figured out that the influence of combined stress enhances significantly the process of neuronal death in the neocortex of the aging animals’ brain. Morphological changes are manifested by increasing number of hyperchromic neurons, vacuolization and increasing cell cytoplasm’s area. In the hippocampal neurons of the CA1 area morphological changes were not detected.

The stress-protective and antioxidant effects of Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz) Maxim tincture were estimated in the experiments on white Wistar rats. The stress-induced condition was simulated by immobilization of the animals for 18 hours. There was estimated the evidence of the Selye’s triad (hypertrophy of adrenal glands, involution of thymus and spleen, and gastric mucous membrane ulceration, with determination of the Pauls index), the content of malonic dialdehyde and activity of catalase in the blood serum and superoxide dismutase in erythrocytes and the content of the reduced glutathione in the blood. It has been revealed that the C. dahurica tincture has a marked stress-protective effect, preventing hypertrophy of the adrenal glands, involution of thymus and spleen, development of ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa. The C. dahurica tincture inhibits lipid peroxidation and activates the antioxidant system of the body in stress-induced conditions.

The article presents the device for automated temperature monitoring of human limbs. This device, called the «thermometric glove», was developed to be used in the treatment of cold injuries. The thermometric glove registers the surface temperature of the limb at several spots and performs an automatic recording of the readings to the internal memory. Two versions of the prototype devices and the results of approbation and experimental use are given.

Article is devoted to an actual problem of modern medicine – Epstein Barr virus infection (EBV). We examined a group of children aged from 5 to 10 years with low-grade fever of unknown origin and manifestations of oral herpes with positive ELISA (IgG-VCA in high titers, IgG-EBNA, IgGEA) and PCR for EBV. The children underwent a two-stage treatment: inosinepranobex at a dose of 5 mg/kg per day for 10 days, likopid 1 mg 1 time a day for 10 days. After treatment for 30 days ELISA and PCR for virus infection Epstein Barr were re-conducted. It was revealed that in 90% of children there were not detected positive IgG-VCA, IgG-EA; positive IgG-EBNA was observed in 20% of children. Positive PCR on EBV were detected in 20% of examined children. There was also an increase of reduced levels of СD3+, CD4+, CD16+.

Children during remission of atopic dermatitis went through rehabilitation with thymodepressine and corneotherapy with far eastern phytomineral preparations during the year. No cases of severe exacerbation have been documented. Positive dynamics of cytokine blood pattern and functional skin indices was noted.

The article presents the analysis of the implementation of Priority national project «Health» in terms of training and retraining of medical personnel, upgrading the skills of pediatricians. Data on the provision of the children’s population with pediatric medical staff for 2000 and 2015 are given.

The article analyzes the official medical statistics of preventive medical examinations of the Republic Sakha (Yakutia) and the Russian Federation children for 2011-2015. The evaluation of the effectiveness of preventive medical examinations in a comparative aspect is given.

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of the health status of the NEFU students for 2013-2014. Analysis of the results of students’ health study from the uluses of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) testifies that students’ health is weakened even before admission to the university. The survey showed that the majority of students are unhealthy, have low rates of physical ability, indicative of weak physical fitness.

The article presents data from registers of congenital heart defects in foreign countries and regions of the Russian Federation. Overall, according to the literature, there are significant variations of prevalence and primary morbidity of congenital heart disease, probably due to good monitoring based on a network of registers with the use of modern diagnostic possibilities in more developed countries.

The authors presented a review based on the analysis of the literature on the demographic situation, changes in hormonal regulation at the metabolic syndrome and its effect on the vital activity of the organism.

The article reports questioning of lactating women and medical personnel in the obstetric hospital of the Yakutsk City Clinical Hospital and polyclinic №1 in Yakutsk, which received the status of «Hospital of the Child-Friendly Treatment». Based on the results of the questionnaire, the analysis of women’s motivation to breastfeeding (BF), duration, reasons for stopping breastfeeding, the level of preparedness of medical personnel on breastfeeding, impact of each object (lactating woman, doctor, nurse) on the duration of breastfeeding was conducted. It was established that the main reasons for stopping breastfeeding and switching to mixed feeding are subjective signs of milk insufficiency, which could be eliminated with competent consultation.

Difficulties in organizing the introduction of 10 principles for successful breastfeeding have been identified: inadequate training and motivation of pregnant women at the level of female counseling; poor-quality training of young professionals, especially nursing staff; inadequate consultation on breastfeeding at preterm labor; absence of a support group for breastfeeding among mothers with a positive experience of breastfeeding. 

The article presents a review of the literature about lesions of the digestive system in metabolic syndrome with clinical, laboratory, instrumental and morphological positions.

Pathogenetic mechanisms of development of the metabolic syndrome, complications of the digestive system are considered against its background, as well as the risk to human health in the presence of abdominal obesity. The article presents data on the comorbid course of the metabolic syndrome with characteristic gastroenterological manifestations in children.

The authors presented a review of the literature, based on an analysis of sources that highlight the mechanism of the course of a purulent wound and the choice of effective means of its local treatment. Important questions are identified for further study of this problem.

The article presents a clinical example of unfavorable course of pregnancy in a woman with acute hepatitis D, developed against a background of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Taking into account the endemicity of Yakutia for HBV and HDV infection, all pregnant women with hepatitis B should be examined for antibodies to the hepatitis D virus. Also, it is necessary to be alert towards women with CHB to the threat of bleeding during childbirth and strengthen measures for perinatal prevention.

The study of results of pharmaceutical expertise was done in order to characterize the mistakes made while writing out prescriptions for medications.

Typical mistakes in the prescription were identified. Errors are organized by types of prescription forms and violations. A sociological survey conducted among physicians, revealed a number of factors that affect the proper execution of recipes. In order to reduce the number of wrong prescription, the model of an uninterrupted drug supply in the form of information system, encompassing the necessary measures to prevent mistakes in the appointment and prescribing drugs, was suggested. The proposed model will be helpful to minimize mistakes made while writing out prescriptions, as well as conflicts with visitors of the pharmacy and the organization of routing and uninterrupted supply of medicines.

The article is devoted to the urgent problem of acute urticaria (AU) in children. The analysis of the etiological factors of its formation is carried out. It was revealed that more often children with AU are sensitive to food allergens, in second place to household allergens. The analysis of sensitization to food allergens revealed the highest percentage of sensitization to citrus. Very high sensitization is to the protein of cow’s milk. When studying the effectiveness of antihistamines, it was found that the application of the erius preparation is the most optimal.

Clinical efficacy of inhalation therapy by Onbrez®Breezhaler® and examination of the effect on the leading clinical symptoms, quality of life (COPD Assessment Test), lung function, heart rate, QTc interval and the potassium level in blood in hospital patients with COPD were under study. Based on the found evidence we can conclude that once daily administration of indacaterol at a dose of 150 mcg is an effective treatment for patients with COPD. It provides significant bronchodilation, reduces clinical manifestations, improves the quality of life of patients and has a favorable cardiovascular safety profile.

We have used for the first time a non-medicamentous complex method of correction of fish-bone flour and mineral water «Abalakhskaya» (AMV) with disorder of calcium-phosphorus metabolism in a patient with comorbid pathology.

The article describes the history of neonatal service development in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The first neonatologist of the republic, the organizer of the second stage of the neonatal service was R.S. Gavrilova, a pediatrician of the highest qualification category, Veteran of Labor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation. In the second half of the last century, medical care for newborns differed in the structure of pathology, the severity of children state, the volume and level of diagnosis, and low material and technical equipment. Diagnostic and therapeutic achievements of perinatology were actively introduced in our republic. The development of neonatal care at the present stage is characterized, first of all, by its integration into the perinatal service system.