The purpose of this research was to study in the young men aged 17–19 the restructuring of the cardiovascular system, hemodynamics and heart rate in response to an active orthostatic test. The conducted studies have shown that at the prompt adaptation the reorganization of the cardiovascular system and the indicators of the heart rate differs in persons living in different districts of the Far Eastern region.

The authors assessed modification of crystallogenic properties of human blood serum action under physical exertion and psychoemotional stress. Physical exertion was modeled with PWC170 test, and examination situation was a model of psychoemotional stress. This study was performed on healthy volunteers. We got blood specimens three times (without any physical and phychoemotional stresses; after physical exertion and after examination) in all volunteers. Crystallogenic properties of blood serum were tested with teziocrystalloscopic method. Results of own and initiated crystallization were estimated with special semiquantitive criteria and spectrometric analysis. It is stated that physical exertion and psychoemotional stress cause increasing of crystallogenic activity of human blood serum. This trend is more pronounced for the first impact. This is confirmed both by the results of the visual metric evaluation of crystallograms, and by the data of their spectrometric studies.

The contribution of chemical inhalation load and polymorphisms of the gene of interleukin-10 to the formation of its serum levels in adolescents was studied. The polymorphic variants -1082G / A, -592C / A, -819C / T of the IL-10 gene and the content of its protein product in the blood were studied in schoolchildren, living under conditions of different levels of air pollution. It has been established that air pollution by immunotropic compounds plays the dominant role in the formation of the serum level of IL-10 in healthy adolescents. The effect of the polymorphic loci 592C / A, -819C / T of the IL-10 gene on the formation of its level is manifested in conditions of high inhalation chemical load.

The article presents analysis of Х-ray computed tomography study results of men masacrans, mesocephalics in age from 22 to 35 years without diseases and traumas of central and peripheral nervous system in anamnesis, with predominance of the right hand (right-handed). Comparative analysis of the parameters of the width of the precentral gyrus, the thickness of the cerebral cortex and the Х-ray density of the precentral gyrus neurons showed a statistically unreliable degree of interhemispheric differences with a tendency to reduce all indicators in the right hemisphere in comparison with the left one.

The paper presents the data on the investigation of cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and testosterone concentrations in the blood serum of healthy young (up to 40 years old) and mature (over 40 years old) men, and whose professional activities are either office-based or of an extreme emergency nature. We revealed a significant age-dependent decrease in hormonal parameters in those working in office conditions. In the group of men whose professional activity is of an extreme emergency nature, significant age-dependent changes in hormonal parameters were not found. Comparison of men of different working conditions showed significant changes in all three studied hormones only in the second age group (over 40 years old).

The analysis of the peculiarities of free-radical processes in Yakutia residents in two zones with a high rate of oncological morbidity was carried out. The intensification of lipid peroxidation in residents of the southern zone, where a high incidence of neoplasms, was established.

The article presents results of closing of the functioning arterial channel at newborns with congenital heart diseases in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Possible terms of closing of the functioning arterial channel at newborns are established.

The features of metabolism rearrangements as well as the respiratory system functioning in young healthy individuals permanently residing in different climatic and geographical zones of northeastern Russia which differ significantly in the weather severity index were under study. Based on a study of spirography and indirect calorimetry, a comparative study was conducted among 17-19 year old young men from the North born Caucasians-in their 1st and 2nd generations residing in Magadan region and Chukotka Autonomous Region.
An analysis of the data showed that compensatory adaptive changes in physiological systems were observed in young men of all the examined groups. However most of all they were typical for residents of the continental part of Magadan region whose adaptive shifts were aimed at minimizing the pronounced cold effect of this climatic area. At the same time, the young men of this group were found to have the highest daily energy consumption indicators that ensure the maintenance of the increased heat production. Besides, they demonstrated the maximum permeability of the distal bronchioles among all the young surveyed men, which is necessary both for adequate oxygen supply to the body and protection from low ambient temperatures.

With aim of the study to establish the role of the deficiency in the content of circulating leukocytes in preserving the immune status of people in the conditions of life on the Spitsbergen archipelago we surveyed able-bodied residents of the village of Barentsburg Arch. Svalbard. The decrease in the content of circulating neutrophils and monocytes is associated with a sharp increase in the activity and intensity of phagocytosis. On the background of neutropenia and monopenia, there is a deficiency in the content of mature T-lymphocytes, activated T-cells with a receptor for transferrin and T-helper cells. Against the background of T-cell deficiency, the levels of irisin, Nt-pro-BNP and endothelin-1 are increased.

In the paper we presented the results of the assessment of the physical development of children aged 3–7 years living in the Murmansk region (the village of Lovozero and the settlement of Umba). Age distinctions are shown. Comparative analysis according to centile tables and degree of a harmonious development is given.

The work is devoted to studying the effect of cement dust on the medicinal properties of plants, namely, the content of flavonoids in plants of Central Yakutia. Near the cement plant, the territory is subject to anthropogenic impact, which affects the density of the projective cover of vegetation. The study found that plants of each species, collected in different environmental conditions, differ in the level of flavonoids. In the zone of severe contamination with cement dust (at a distance of 500 m from the plant), the most pronounced decrease in the content of flavonoids in plants was observed than in the other zones studied. This fact is a consequence of the response to the stress factors of plant organisms.

The analysis of the structure and resistance to antimicrobial agents of purulent-inflammatory disease pathogens in patients in a multidisciplinary surgical hospital has been carried out. It was revealed that Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, K. oxytoca are leading in the structure of pathogens of purulent-inflammatory diseases. The statistical forecast assumes a further increase in the proportion of microorganisms of the Enterobacteriaceae family and an increase in the proportion of pan-resistant strains of K. pneumonia. According to the results of microbiological monitoring, it is necessary to use protected aminopenicillins and levofloxacin as the starting empirical therapy for the treatment of infections caused by E. coli, and for K. oxytoca, K. рneumonia – levofloxacin, IV generation cephalosporins and carbapenems.

We determine the diagnostic efficiency of laboratory parameters in endotoxicosis caused by traumatic osteomyelitis of the lower jaw, as well as the development of a diagnostic algorithm and complex treatment depending on the stage of chronic endogenous intoxication. Patients with traumatic osteomyelitis of the lower jaw at the age of 18 to 65 years were examined. As a result of the study, it was found that the most informative in the prognostic plan is the definition of the level of “medium-mass molecules”, diene conjugates and the sorption capacity of erythrocytes. Other parameters investigated, including integral leukocyte indices of intoxication, are inferior to them for diagnostic value.

The article presents the results of studying the patterns of complications and mortality from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) at the Anesthesiology, Reanimation and Intensive Care Unit of the Republic’s Hospital № 2 – Center for Emergency Medical Aid of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) for the period of 2015-2017. Due to the research results, the mortality rate of this group of patients was 5.8%.
The dominating pattern of the preoperative complications was cerebral vasospasm. The complications during operative treatment included ruptured aneurysms. In the postoperative period delayed cerebral ischemia was more often observed.

A laboratory immunological and genetic examination of the adult population living in the zone of the combined effects of a number of chemical environmental factors was carried out. There was a significant decrease in the number of CD3 ⁺CD25⁺- lymphocytes relative to the reference interval, and there were lower concentrations of CD16⁺CD56⁺ _-, CD3⁺_- and CD4⁺_-cells relative to the comparison group. The decrease in serum IgG and IgM levels was combined with an increase in the level of IgG to aluminium and benzo(a)pyrene, IgE to formaldehyde relative to the values in the comparison group. There was a significant (p=0.02) increase in the frequency of occurrence of the minor allele of the enzyme eNOS rs1799983 gene associated with a decrease in serum levels of nitric oxide, which indicates the formation of additional risk factors under technogenic exposure.

Performance of bacterioscopic methods was comparatively studied in Bacteriologic Laboratory of the Phthisiatry Research-Practice Center, to assess the detection of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) by Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) microscopy, conventional fluorescence microscopy (FM), and LED fluorescence microscopy (LED-FM). The results of the study showed a higher sensitivity of the FM, compared with the ZN method. Also, due to the fact that LED fluorescent microscopes do not require highly skilled maintenance and have a significantly longer lamp life compared to conventional models of fluorescent microscopes, the use of LED technology is justified from an economic point of view and makes it widely recommended for tuberculosis diagnosing.

The article presents the results of a clinical study on the metabolism of vitamin D in patients with gastroenterological pathology and osteopenia. We have developed a comprehensive non-drug method of treatment withfishbone flour and mineral water “Abalakhskaya” that has a positive effect on the functional state of the digestive organs, impaired metabolism of vitamin D and mineral density of bone tissue.

The method of descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data of Federal statistical observation №30 "Data on medical organization" in the context of the subjects of the Russian Federation for the period from 2012 to 2017. During the analyzed period, the availability of functional diagnostics by doctors providing outpatient care, despite the almost stable value of the indicator, had some tendency to increase. Ranking of subjects of the country by the level of security showed that both at the beginning and at the end of the analyzed period the top ten were the republics of Chuvashia and Mordovia, St. Petersburg, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Orenburg region, Trans-Baikal and Altai territories. In the whole country and its constituent entities of the Federation there is a low provision of outpatient departments with doctors of functional diagnostics, although in most of them there is a positive dynamics of the indicator.

The work studied variable sites of six genes localized on the X-chromosome in the Yakut ethnic group. The candidate TLR7 rs179009 gene was found, the C-allele of which is associated with the chronic course of hepatitis C. The minor C allele is more than 2 times more common in patients with chronic hepatitis C than in the group with spontaneous recovery. It was found that the chances of hepatitis transition to a chronic course is 2.7 times higher in carriers of the C-allele than in carriers of the T-allele rs179009 TLR7. The obtained data confirm the possible significance of the rs179009 polymorphism of the TLR7 gene as a genetic marker of predisposition to the chronicity of the infectious process while viral hepatitis C in the ethnic group of male Yakuts.

According to the data of medical and entomological monitoring, an administrative-zonal (cartographic) format has been compiled; vectors of ectoparasite distribution are indicated, including laboratory-indicative indicators, their contamination by designated infectious agents (causative agents of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), ixodic tickborne borreliosis (ITBB) and human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA)).
Sporadic and group cases of people’s diseases, including a mixt-infection, detected against the background of general infection among the population indicate certain clinical, epidemiological, cause-and-effect risk factors of their loimopotential.

The main demographic indicators for the period of 1993 - 2017 in the Krasnoyarsk Area, the Arkhangelsk, Murmansk regions, the Republics Komi, the Sakha (Yakutia), the Nenets, the Yamalo-Nenets and the Chukotka Autonomous Districts in comparison with the national indicators have been described.
The data of the Central Statistical Database of the Federal State Statistics Service, the Russian database on fertility and mortality were used.
Despite the general positive demographic trends, the territories of the Arctic zone of Russia remain to be areas of a tense demographic situation, manifested in supermortality, insufficient fertility for the reproduction of the population, migration outflow of the population, which leads to continued depopulation of these regions.

The article presents the results of a study of the diets of students living in the village of Saskylah Anabarsky district of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The results revealed that the nutrition of schoolchildren living in the Arctic conditions has its own characteristics.

In the expeditionary conditions in the North of Yakutia, representatives of the indigenous population (Evenks, Dolgan, Evens, Yukagirs, Chukchi, Yakuts) were examined in order to identify overweight and obesity. Overweight in terms of BMI ranged from 27.1% in Dolgans to 37.8% in Yakuts, and there were no significant differences, more often it was observed in men. Obesity was significantly more common in the Evenks compared with the Evens, the Yukagirs and the Chukchi, the Yakuts compared with the Evens and the Chukchi, and the Dolgans compared with the Chukchi. Women suffered most often. The mean values of systolic blood pressure in Evenks and Yakuts were higher compared to other ethnic groups. There was a high frequency of hypertension in all ethnic groups. A strong positive correlation of BMI with the level of systolic blood pressure was revealed.

The features of the seasonal functional organization of the external respiration system in children of senior school age living in the Arctic region are studied. Boys and girls, residents of Arkhangelsk were examined in different season (winter, spring, summer, autumn). The following parameters were evaluated by spirography: the lungs volumes and capacity, patency of airways, gas analysis of the expired air. The parameters of external respiration system and character of its connection are changing during the year. During the summer and transitional seasons of the year (spring and autumn), the change in the oxygen demand of the organism is provided by a changes in the minute respiratory volume, and in winter - by optimizing the gas exchange conditions and changes in the ratio of static lungs volumes.

The level of microelement status indicators in the blood of aboriginal inhabitants of the Arctic is determined, on the basis of which it is possible to conduct future comparisons under conditions of industrial development of territories. The study included indigenous inhabitants of the North, belonging to the ethnic group of Dolgan, living in Yuryung-Khaya of the Anabar district of Yakutia. The content of 20 microelements in the blood serum was studied.
As the research has shown, the content of many elements, including manganese, cobalt, strontium, nickel and iron in blood is higher than reference values, which can influence the development of diseases of the cardiovascular system, nephropathy and oncological diseases.

We have completed an analysis of the dynamics of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms (C00-97) among the population of the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic for the period of 2008-2017. There is an increase in standardized indicators (world standard) of incidence, at the same time, mortality rates continue to decline. Regional features of cancer pathology are high – compared with the average in the Russian Federation – morbidity rates and mortality of the population of both sexes from malignant neoplasms of the liver and intrahepatic ducts (C 22) and of the female population from malignant tumors of the trachea, bronchi, and lung.

The article outlines the features of searching in the Internet for scientific articles on the effectiveness of vaccination against human papillomavirus. Publications containing data on the immunogenicity of human papillomavirus vaccines in girls and young women in the long-term period are analyzed. The age of the patients, the principles of formation of comparison groups, materials and laboratory methods, the duration of the research, the name of the used vaccines were established.

We studied the attitude of the population to the post-mortem organ donation and determination of the sources of information involved in its shaping, based on a study of the results of medical and sociological researches in foreign countries and analysis of survey data from a group of people in the region of Russia.
The analysis of publications demonstrates the multi-stage process of shaping a position of support for the post-mortem organ donation among the population of the countries of the world - from understanding the humanity of this activity to concrete steps to support it. At the same time, propaganda of organ donation is important through the involvement of the media, educational system resources, and scientific professional communities. In Russia, it is necessary to start outreach with the population concerning organ donation from the first stage, to facilitate an understanding of the УДК 575.153 DOI 10.25789/YMJ.2019.66.28 need for its development in order to save the lives of seriously ill people, and therefore systematic work is needed using opportunities primarily from television and Internet sources.

Currently, there is a steady increase in the number of elderly patients with cognitive impairment in need of specialized and high-tech medical care worldwide. We aim to outline the main bioethical problems of scientific research and medical care for patients with dementia in the Department of neurodegenerative diseases of the hospital of the Yakut scientific center of complex medical problems.

Presented article is based on collected material of a literature review on the current state of the problem of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) with associated metabolic syndrome. The concept of endothelial dysfunction (ED) is considered as a important element in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and renal pathology. We described the positive effect of the use of statins in the prevention of AKI.

The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the age of the pregnant woman on the probability of complications of pregnancy and childbirth. The results confirm the literature data on the complicated course of pregnancy and childbirth in minors.

The article presents 3 clinical cases of Takayasu arteritis with vascular complications and the presence of polymorphisms of thrombophilia genes.

The article presents a case of in vivo detection of a rare form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis - intramedullary tuberculoma. This case shows that magnetic resonance imaging is an informative enough method for the in vivo diagnosis of spinal cord tuberculoma.

A case report of chronic pain in a patient with pelvic venous congestion is presented for discussion. Complex radiation study (doppler ultrasound, multispiral computed tomography, angiography) diagnosed the signs of hyperemia - disorders in the drainage via the left gonadal vein. Superselective occlusion of the dilated vessel resulted in recovery: the pains discontinued, sexual function became normal.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the results of surgical treatment of patients with perforated gastroduodenal ulcer, taking into account the use of the laparoscopic method in a multi-field surgical center of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The first experience of laparoscopic suturing of perforated gastroduodenal ulcer demonstrated the promise of the method, as well as its high efficiency and safety. The introduction of the method allowed to reduce the number of postoperative complications by 1,7 times, and to reduce the length of stay in a multidisciplinary surgical hospital by 28,6%.