Genome and genetic health of the Yakut ethnos
Abstract
The article presents a survey of the results of studies of the ethnogenesis of the peoples of Siberia in the aspect of the genetic health of the ethnos, adapted to the extreme changes in seasonal changes in the high-latitude zone. The genome inherited from ancestors with a certain protective potential provides metabolic health and stability against stressful environmental influences. The genome of the Yakut ethnos is characterized by three main genetic components (58.5% - Central Siberian, 12.5% - European, 29% - East Asian), as well as a high level of homozygosity of the genome. In the Yakut population, the negative genetic component is manifested by a wide spectrum of age-dependent, genetically predisposed neurodegenerative diseases (multiple sclerosis, Viliuisk encephalitis, Parkinson’s disease and diseases with impaired motor functions, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spastic paraplegia and other). Also in recent years, the population is experiencing an increase in the burden of diseases with metabolic disorders. The main reason for the growth of the negative load of health disorders of the modern Yakut population is the consequence of genetic drift and conservatism of the genome.
About the Authors
V. L. Osakovsky
Institute of Health of the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Vladimir L. Osakovsky
Kulakovsky street, build. 46, 104 room, Yakutsk, 677000
T. M. Sivtseva
Institute of Health of the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tatyana M. Sivtseva
Kulakovsky street, build. 46, 104 room, Yakutsk, 677000
References
1. Metabolic syndrome among aboriginal people of Yakutia / V.L. Osakovskij, T.M. Klimova, L.G. Goldfarb [et.al.] // Jakutskij medicinskij zhurnal [Yakut medical journal]. – 2010. – №2. – P. 98-102.
2. Hereditary diseases of nervous system in republic Sakha (Yakutia) / I.A. Nikolaeva, M.N. Korotov, E.E. Gurinova [et.al.] // Jakutskij medicinskij zhurnal [Yakut medical journal]. – 2009. -№2. – P.52-54.
3. Investigating the effects of prehistoric migrations in Siberia: genetic variation and the origins of Yakuts / B. Pakendorf, I.N. Novgorodov, V.L. Osakovskij [et.al.] // Hum Genet. – 2006. – 120. – P. 334-353.
4. Investigating the Prehistory of Tungusic Peoples of Siberia and the Amur-Ussuri Region with Complete mtDNA Genome Sequences and Y-chromosomal Markers /A.Duggan, M. Whitten,V. Wiebe [et.al.] // PLOS one. 2013. – 8(12): e83570. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0083570.
5. Lifestyle mediates seasonal changes in metabolic health among the yakut (sakha) of northeastern Siberia /S.B. Levy, W.R. Leonard, L.A. Tarskia [et al.] // Am J Hum Biol. – 2016. – Nov;28(6):868-878. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.22879.
6. Population specific analysis of Yakuts exomes /A.S. Zlobin, S.Zn. Sarapov, V.P. Gur’ev [et al.] // Доклады академии наук – 2017. – Том 474, №4. – С. 505-509.
7. The complex Admixture History and Recent Southern Origins of Siberian Populations / Pugach I., Matveev R., Spitsyn V. [et.al.] // Molecular Biology and Evolution. – 2016. – 33(7): 1777-1795 doi:10.1093/molbev/msw055.
8. Upper Palaeolithic Siberian genome reveals dual ancestry of Native Americans / M.Raghavan, P. Skoglund, K.E. Graf [et.al.] // Nature. – 2014. – 505. – P. 87–91 doi:10.1038/nature12736.
9. Y-chromosomal evidence for a strong reduction in male population size of Yakuts /B. Pakendorf [et. al.] // Hum.Genet – 2002. -110:198-200.
Review
For citations:
Osakovsky V.L., Sivtseva T.M. Genome and genetic health of the Yakut ethnos. Yakut Medical Journal. 2017;(3):37-40.
Views:
2
Email this article 