The polymorphism of the SNP markers of the genes of non-reduced thermogenesis UCP1 (rs1800592), UCP2 (rs659366) and UCP3 (rs2075577) in the Yakuts and Chukchi

For the first time an analysis of the frequencies of alleles polymorphismof the gene UCP1-rs1800592, UCP2-rs659366 and UCP3-rs2075577were studiedthe Yakuts (n=281) and the Chukchi’s (n=39) populations, living in the extreme climate of Eastern Siberia.The Yakut population was divided into three groups: northern (N.YAK), viluysk (V.YAK) and central Yakuts groups (C.YAK).From project of «1000 Genomes», information was received on the frequencies of the studied polymorphisms for Chinese – CHB (n=103), CHS (n=108), CDX (n=99), Japanese – JPT (n=104), Vietnamese populations– KHV (n=101).In general, the frequencies of the studied polymorphisms were analyzed in nine populations of Asia (n=835), living in different climatic zones. Populations living in the subarctic (CHU, N.YAK) and on the border of the temperate and subarctic climate (V.YAK, C.YAK) were merged into the group «Northern Asia». Populations living in the temperate (CHB), subtropical (JPT; CHS; CDX) and subequatorial climate (KHV) were joined into the «Southern Asia» group. Comparative analysis showed that the frequency of the allele A rs1800592 (UCP1) in the group «Northern Asia» (61.8%, CI: 56.8-66.7%), did not statistically differ (p>0.01) from the «Southern Asia» group (53.4%, CI: 49.4-57.4%). The frequencies of allele T rs659366 (UCP2) in the group «Northern Asia» (49.5%, CI: 44.5-54.6%), as compared with the group «Southern Asia» (41.5%, CI: 37.7-45.5%), also statistically differences not found (p>0.01). It was found that the frequency of allele A rs2075577 (UCP3) in the group «Northern Asia» (66.7%, CI: 61.8-71.4%) was much higher in comparison with the group «Southern Asia» (42.3%, CI: 38.4-46.3%) (p<0.01). The increased frequency of allele A rs2075577 of the UCP3 gene in populations of Yakuts and Chukchi’s living in low temperature conditions, in comparison with other populations of Asia, can be associated with random population effects, or indicate the presence of adaptation mechanisms associated with thermoregulation.

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