Organizing mandatory vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis in Russia: history and modernity

The study presents the results of the analysis of regulatory legal acts and the practice of applying the rules related to mandatory vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis. In 2023, most of the territories of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation were endemic for tick-borne encephalitis. In 2024, 4 million citizens of the Russian Federation were vaccinated against tick-borne encephalitis. Historical retrospective has shown that vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis was started for the purpose of disease prevention in endemic territories in relation to certain professional categories of the population. At the same time, immunoprophylaxis was mainly carried out according to epidemiological indications, with the exception of 1980-1997, when it was included in the routine vaccination. When establishing the mandatory vaccination, 4 acts are taken into account: Federal Law "On Immunoprophylaxis of Infectious Diseases"; Calendar of Preventive Vaccinations; SanPiN 3.368621; List of works, the performance of which is associated with a high risk of infectious diseases and requires mandatory preventive vaccinations. SanPiN 3.3686-21 expands the contingent that receives preventive vaccinations against tickborne encephalitis. Conclusions and discussion: mandatory vaccination is defined by the list of professional risk groups and requires a decree of the chief state sanitary doctor or an order from the head of the organization. To increase the effectiveness of immunoprophylaxis and prevent abuse, it is necessary to systematize regulatory and legal acts.

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