Premature mortality of the population of the Republic Sakha (Yakutia) from external causes

Abstract

A retrospective analysis of the official statistics for the period 1990-2016 was conducted in order to study the level and structure of mortality in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), It is established that the medical and demographic situation in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) over the past 25 years is characterized by the high birth rate and high mortality in the young age groups from preventable causes. The mortality of the population by external causes, with a high degree of preventability, leads the causes of mortality in the age categories of children, adolescents, and working-age people. The children deceased from external causes in the age of 1 to 14 years account for 65% of all deaths in this age group, at the age of 15-17 years - 91%, and of working-age persons - 37%. Considering the structure of external causes of death, one pays attention to the high level of deaths by violence. According to 2016 data, the suicide mortality rate (22.7 per 100,000 population) was 34% higher than the average for Russia (14.9), and the murder rate (15.3 per 100,000 population) more than doubled the average one.
Another concerning problem is the death rate resulting from exposure to low natural temperature (cold trauma), which is hardly accounted for in the official statistics. Annually, cold trauma in Yakutia takes more lives than road traffic accidents. According to the 2015data, the cold trauma death rate was 15.1 per 100,000 population, whereas the death rate from road traffic accident was 7.8 per 100,000 population.