Genetic aspects of regulation of circadian rhythms as a factor in stress resistance
https://doi.org/10.25789/YMJ.2020.72.27
Abstract
The article presents the results of the analysis of the literature data on the molecular genetic mechanisms of control and regulation of circadian rhythms that determine the chronotype of a person.
It has been established that disturbance of circadian rhythms arising as a result of psychoemotional and physical stress expressed in degree and / or duration, can lead to a decrease in the body's resistance to stress factors with the subsequent development of maladjustment processes, which in turn can be a trigger mechanism for the onset of the development of such pathological conditions as diseases of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, autoimmune, mental, neurodegenerative, oncological and other diseases.
According to the results of numerous studies, the molecular genetic control of circadian rhythms consists of interacting positive and negative feedbacks of regulatory loops of clock genes, such as genes Bmal1, Clock, Per1, Per2, Per3, TIM, Npas2, Cry1 and Cry2, Csnk1d, Csnk1e, Rev-erbα, Rora, Bhlhe40, Bhlhe41, as well as genes FBXL3, FTO, MADD, CYP2A6, ARNTL, Mel1a, Mel1b and GPR50. The transcription factors encoded by these genes, enzymes, transporters, prohormones, signaling and other proteins are involved in regulation of daily frequency.
Despite the fact that the main components of the molecular genetic mechanisms of circadian rhythms are already known, the issue of regulating their work remains relevant today. The results of studies carried out on different populations with respect to individual polymorphic variants of genes are not always unambiguous and require a more detailed study, since it is the result of the interaction of genes that can determine their phenotypic effect.
Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms and identifying genetic markers that cause disturbances in circadian rhythms is an important step in the development of methods aimed at preventing and correcting pathological conditions caused by maladjustment processes.
Supporting agencies: Analysis of literature data was carried out within the framework of project VI.62.1.8. "Development of biological products from tissues of plants and animals of Yakutia on the basis of studying the peculiarities of their biochemical composition and mechanisms of adaptation to the conditions of the North" (No. 0376-2019-0005 registration number AAAA-A17-117020110055-3) of the Institute for Biological of Cryolithozone of the Siberian Brach of the RAS – Division of Federal Centre “The Yakut Scientific Centre of the Siberian Brach of the Russian Academy of Sciences”.
About the Authors
N. A. Solovieva
Federal Research Center of YSC SB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Solovieva Natalya Alekseevna - candidate of medical sciences, senior researcher of the Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone
O. N. Kolosova
Federal Research Center of YSC SB RAS
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Kolosova Olga Nikolaevna - Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher of the Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone
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Review
For citations:
Solovieva N.A., Kolosova O.N. Genetic aspects of regulation of circadian rhythms as a factor in stress resistance. Yakut Medical Journal. 2020;(4):112-115. https://doi.org/10.25789/YMJ.2020.72.27
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