Factors impacting the epigenetic age in the indigenous population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)

An analysis of the relationship between lifestyle factors and epigenetic age in the indigenous population of Yakutia was carried out. We analyzed factors that can affect the acceleration of epigenetic age: BMI, abdominal obesity, waist/height and waist/hip ratio, diet, physical inactivity, health status, marital status, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, insomnia, health status. The relationship of these factors with age - related acceleration calculated using 4 biological clock models was assessed: PhenoAge, Horvath DNAm, Hannum DNAm, GrimAge. A tendency towards acceleration of epigenetic age was revealed in respondents with a high body mass index, low physical activity and an impaired diet (prone to overeating, consumption of highly refined carbohydrates and high-calorie foods).

1. Boyko E.R. Physiologic-biochemical basis of human life in the North. Ekaterinburg: RAU, 2005. P. 192.

2. Dontsov V.I., Krutko V.N. Biological age as a method of systematic assessment of ontogenetic changes in the state of the organism // Onto genesis. 2015. T. 46, 5. P. 295. DOI 10.7868/S0475145015050031.

3. Hannum G, Guinney J, Zhao L [et al.] Ge nome-wide methylation profiles reveal quantita tive views of human aging rates. Mol Cell. 2013. Vol. 49(2). P. 359–67.

4. Horvath S. DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types. Genome Biol. 2013. Vol. 14(10): P.115.

5. Horvath S, Pirazzini C, Bacalini MG [et al]. Decreased epigenetic age of PBMCs from Italian semi-supercentenarians and their offspring. Ag ing (Albany NY). 2015. Vol. 7. P. 1159–70.

6. Kresovich JK, Garval EL, Martinez Lopez AM [et al.] Associations of Body Composition and Physical Activity Level with Multiple Measures of Epigenetic Age Acceleration. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2021; 190 (6): 984–993.

7. Kalyakulina A., Yusipov I., Kondakova E [et al]. Epigenetics of the far northern Yakutian DOI 10.25789/YMJ.2024.88.02 УДК 616.72 population. Clin Epigenet 15, 189 (2023). DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01600-y

8. Levine ME, Lu AT, Quach A [et al.] An epigenetic biomarker of aging for lifespan and healthspan. Aging (Albany NY). 2018; 10(4): 573–91.

9. Levy SB, Klimova TM, Zakharova RN [et al]. Brown adipose tissue, energy expenditure, and biomarkers of cardio-metabolic health among the Yakut (Sakha) of northeastern Siberia . Am J Hum Biol. 2018; 30(6). DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23175.

10. Li A, Koch Z, Ideker T. Epigenetic aging: Biological age prediction and informing a mecha nistic theory of aging. J Intern. Med. 2022; 292(5): 733-744. DOI: 10.1111/joim.13533.

11. Lu AT, Quach A, Wilson JG [et al.] DNA methylation GrimAge strongly predicts lifespan and healthspan. Aging (Albany NY). 2019; 11(2): P. 303–27.

12. Oblak L, Van der Zaag J, Higgins-Chen AT [et al.] A systematic review of biological, so cial and environmental factors associated with epigenetic clock acceleration. Ageing Res Rev. 2021; 69. DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101348.

13. Philibert R, Lei MK, Ong ML [et al.] Objec tive Assessments of Smoking and Drinking Out perform Clinical Phenotypes in Predicting Vari ance in Epigenetic Aging. Genes (Basel). 2024; 15(7): 869. DOI: 10.3390/genes15070869.

14. Quach A, Levine ME, Tanaka T, Lu AT, Chen BH, Ferrucci L, Ritz B, Bandinelli S, Neu houser ML, Beasley JM et al. Epigenetic clock analysis of diet, exercise, education, and lifestyle factors. Aging. 2017; 9(2): 419–46.

15. Sun D., Zhang T., Su S. [et al.] Body mass index drives changes in DNA methylation: a longitudinal study. Circ. Res. 2019; 125 (9): 824-833.

16. Tapio Nevalainen, Laura Kananen, Saara Marttila [et al]. Obesity accelerates epigenetic ag ing in middle-aged but not in elderly individuals Clin Epigenetics. 2017; 9: 20.