Features of the oral microbiome composition in men with gastroesophageal reflux disease with esophagitis

This article presents a study conducted to investigate changes in the oral microbiome composition in patients with GERD and esophagitis and to identify potential microbiological predictors of complications. In total 106 patients with a previously verified diagnosis participated. Quantitative real-time PCR was the primary method for assessing the oral microbiome composition. A significant decrease in all phyla of the studied bacteria was found in patients with GERD compared to the control group. The bacterial phyla studied can be used as a predictor of GERD development only in healthy individuals to determine the likelihood of inflammation in healthy mucous membranes, which requires further exploration and study of new biomarkers. The aim of the study: to determine the composition of the oral microbiome in patients with GERD of varying severity and to identify possible microbiological predictors of the development of GERD complications. A total of 106 men aged 35.5±3.4 years were examined, 27 of whom were somatically healthy and 79 of whom were diagnosed with GERD with esophagitis (according to the Los Angeles classification: 26 people with GERD-A, 25 people with GERD-B, and 28 people with GERD-C), who were in remission at the time of the examination. A comparison was made of the state of the oral microbiome in healthy men and men with gastroesophageal reflux disease. In patients with GERD-A and GERD-B, reliable differences were found only in relation to Bacteroidetes bacteria - a decrease in their level was noted, Firmicutes - an increase in their content in the oral cavity was recorded depending on the severity of GERD, as well as the phylum Tenericutes - an increase in the number of bacteria was revealed at severe stages of GERD. It is worth noting that in patients GERD-C recorded a reliable decrease in all phyla of the studied bacteria. The bacterial phyla we studied can be used as a predictor of the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease only in healthy individuals, in order to determine the likelihood of GERD with esophagitis.

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