Assessment of the immune status in men of the subarctic and semi-arid regions using factor analysis

Functional systems, including the immune system in humans, adapt depending on the influencing environmental factors. Factor analysis is considered an important method for identifying latent operating parameters and their contribution to the overall process. The aim of this work is to assess the immune status of men aged 20-60 years old living in the subarctic and semi-arid regions using factor analysis. After determining the concentration of leukocytes by standard methods, and the concentration of lymphoid subpopulations by the method of indirect immunoperoxidase reaction using monoclonal antibodies, factor analysis was carried out by the method of the main component with the determination of coefficient scores of indicators to calculate the contribution of different stages of the immune reaction in the formation of the immune response. The processes of lymphoproliferation and apoptosis play a controlling role over other processes, regardless of the place of residence. The activity of the phagocytosis process increases under semi-arid conditions. The activities of the processes of differentiation and the acquired cellular response are intensified in the subarctic region. At the same time, the balance between the processes of proliferation and apoptosis is disturbed to a greater extent in the subarctic region. Thus, the formation of an adaptive immune response in men of the subarctic region is accompanied by excessive use of the reserve capabilities of immune homeostasis. In men of the semi-arid region, the adaptive immune response is formed more fluently, which contributes to the preservation of reserve capabilities of immune homeostasis and is the most optimal (beneficial) for the body.

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