The role of FADS gene polymorphic variants in adaptation to the Northern climatic conditions and metabolic disorders

The review summarizes the studies of the role of the FADS gene in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, as one of the mechanisms of human adaptation to the environmental conditions, in particular, a cold climate. A comparative analysis of the distribution of the most significant for circumpolar ethnic groups polymorphic variants rs7115739, rs174570 of the FADS 2-3 genes in various ethnic groups, including the Inuits and Yakuts, was carried out. The results of studies of the FADS polymorphic markers effect on lipid metabolism, the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus in different world populations are systematized.

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