Functional features of the cardiovascular system in COVID-19 children

Relevance. The consequences of COVID-19 are a serious problem and a cause of health problems for children. Identifying post-COVID-19 health problems to develop rehabilitation and treatment options is an important public health challenge. One of the urgent problems is the violation of the functional parameters of the cardiovascular system in children.

Material and methods. The functional state of the cardiovascular system of children who had COVID-19 in school conditions at the age of 8-12 years was studied. A total of 64 children (32 girls and 32 boys) were studied, 3-6 months after suffering COVID-19. The children were examined by copy-pairs. The study included children in the age range (8-12 years), in which functional indicators have the same reference values according to the methods used. The functional indicators of the cardiovascular system were studied according to the electrocardiogram data using the analysis of heart rate variability according to R.M. Baevsky, as well as with the help of the Martinet-Kushelevsky functional test. The following were studied: adaptive potential, response quality index, Kerdo autonomic index, coefficient of variation, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, heart pumping function by assessing the stroke and minute volume of the heart, the index of functional changes, the stress index, the total power of the spectrum.

Results. It was shown that one of the mechanisms of functional disorders of the cardiovascular system in the period from 3 to 6 months after COVID-19 is a syndrome of autonomic dysfunction. The manifestations of autonomic dysfunction in children are hypertensive changes in the cardiovascular system in the absence of pronounced clinical manifestations, the presence of functional tension of regulatory systems, unsatisfactory functional status, decreased rates of increase in heart rate power in response to load, low values of sympathetic regulation mechanisms and centralization of the cardiovascular system regulation circuit, a large proportion of the influence of the peripheral regulation circuit.

Conclusion. One of the pathogenetic mechanisms for reducing the functional parameters of the cardiovascular system in children who have had a coronavirus infection is endothelial dysfunction syndrome.

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