Limbic encephalitis: clinical and laboratory heterogeneity
Abstract
The limbic system is a complex set of brain structures that support a variety of functions, including sense of smell, instinctive behavior, emotions, memory, sleep, wakefulness and many others. It includes the olfactory bulb, olfactory tract, olfactory trigone, anterior perforated substance, cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, dentate gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, mammillary body and midbrain reticular formation.
The term “limbic encephalitis” means that the main area affected by inflammation or swelling appeared to be the part of limbic system. The core symptoms are subacute development of cognitive disorders, seizures, impairment of consciousness, sleep disturbances, some psychiatric symptoms (such as depression, irritability, hallucinations) and subacute development of short-term memory deficits. The main causes of limbic encephalitis are autoimmune process (paraneoplastic or non-paraneoplastic) and infections. The paper presents the full etiologybased classification of limbic encephalitis with the description of laboratory and radiologic findings specific for different forms of the disease.
About the Authors
N. A. Schneider
Красноярский ГМУ им. проф. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Natalia A. Shnayder, Doctor of Med. Sciences, Professor, Head of the Neurological center of Epileptology, Neurogenetics and Brain Research of the University Clinic, Head of the Department of Medical Genetics and Clinical Neurophysiology, Institute of Postgraduate Education
Krasnoyarsk
I. A. Kiselyev
Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ilya A. Kiselev, neurologist, Neurological Center on Epileptology, Neurogenetics and Brain Research at the University Hospital
Krasnoyarsk
Yu. S. Panina
Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Yulia S. Panina - neurologist, researcher of the interdepartmental Research Laboratory on Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics and Clinical Neurophysiology at the Institute of Postgraduate Education
Krasnoyarsk
E. A. Shapovalova
Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after prof. V.F. Voyno-Yasenetsky
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Evgenia A. Shapovalova - Candidate of Medicine, Assistant of the Department of Medical Genetics and Clinical Neurophysiology at the Institute of Postgraduate Education, neurologistepileptologist of the Neurological Center on Epileptology, Neurogenetics and Brain Research at the University Hospital
Krasnoyarsk
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Review
For citations:
Schneider N.A., Kiselyev I.A., Panina Yu.S., Shapovalova E.A. Limbic encephalitis: clinical and laboratory heterogeneity. Yakut Medical Journal. 2015;(1):60-64.
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