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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ymj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Якутский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yakut Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-1905</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-1017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЯНЦ КМП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ymj-962</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Материалы научно-практической конференции с международным участием «Современные подход ы и перспектив ы генетических исследовани й в Якутии », 7 сентября 2017 г., г. Якутск</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Materials of the scientific-practical conference with international participation «Modern App roaches and Prospects of Genetic Research in Yakutia», September 7, 2017, Yakutsk</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гипотеза развития диабетической ретинопатии у якутов при сахарном диабете 2-го типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The hypothesis of the development of diabetic retinopathy in the Yakuts at type 2 diabetes mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Явловская</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yavlovskaya</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Явловская Любовь Леонидовна – д.м.н. </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Lubov Leonidovna Yavlovskaya - Ophthalmological clinic of Republic Sakha (Yakutia) Healthcare Ministry </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">allu88@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хуснутдинова</surname><given-names>Э. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusnutdinova</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Хуснутдинова Эльза Камилевна – д.б.н., членкорр. АН Республики Башкортостан, проф., врио директора </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Elsa Kamilevna Khusnutdinova - Corresponding Member of Academy of Sciences of Republic Bashkorcostan, Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department  </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимова</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatilova</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Анисимова Надежда Федоровна – врач офтальмолог  </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Rimma Ivanovna Shatilova-Doctor of Medical Sciences,Professor of Ophthalmological Department </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазаренко</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazarenko</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Лазаренко Виктор Иванович – д.м.н., проф.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Victor Ivanovich Lazarenko-Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of Ophthalmological Department </p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Якутская республиканская офтальмологическая больница МЗ Республики Саха (Якутия)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт биохимии и генетики УНЦ РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of biochemistry and genetics of Ufa Scientific Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ЯРОКБ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>GOU VPO “V.F.Voino-YasenetskyKrasoyarsk State Medical University” of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>КГМУ им. В.Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>GOU VPO “V.F.Voino-YasenetskyKrasoyarsk State Medical University” of Ministry of Health of Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>72</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Явловская Л.Л., Хуснутдинова Э.К., Анисимова Н.Ф., Лазаренко В.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Явловская Л.Л., Хуснутдинова Э.К., Анисимова Н.Ф., Лазаренко В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yavlovskaya L.L., Khusnutdinova E.K., Shatilova R.I., Lazarenko V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/962">https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/962</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены результаты обследования больных диабетической ретинопатией (ДР) при сахарном диабете 2-го типа, этнических якутов в 3-м поколении, постоянно проживающих в районах Лено-Амгинского междуречья, зарегистрированных в государственном регистре СД РС (Я).Предполагается, что развитие ДР при СД 2 у этнических якутов обусловлено тем, что генетические (внутренние) факторы, участвующие в метаболизме липидов и углеводов, воспалительном процессе и окислительном стрессе, под воздействием факторов риска внешней среды и гормональной экспрессии в определенный возрастной период, преимущественно в мено– и андропаузе, вызывают метаболические нарушения и окислительный стресс с энергетическим дефицитом в клетках при активном расщеплении АТФ. Дальнейшее хроническое течение воспалительного процесса и генерализованный окислительный стресс приводят к атерогенному повреждению сосудистой стенки, вызывая патологические изменения, характерные для ДР</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The authors reported the results of the examination of patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) at type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), ethnic Yakuts, permanently residing in the areas of the Leno-Amga interfluve to the third generation, registered in the state register of the SD of the RS (Ya). It is assumed that the development of DR at type 2 diabetes in ethnic Yakuts is due to the fact that the genetic (internal) factors involved in the metabolism of lipids and carbohydrates, the inflammatory process and oxidative stress, under the influence of environmental risk factors and hormonal expression in a certain age period, mainly in meno- and andropause, cause metabolic disorders and oxidative stress with an energy deficit in cells with active cleavage of ATP. Further chronic course of the inflammatory process and generalized oxidative stress lead to atherogenic damage of the vascular wall, causing pathological changes inherent to DR.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>диабетическая ретинопатия</kwd><kwd>сахарный диабет 2 типа</kwd><kwd>полиморфные варианты генов</kwd><kwd>якуты</kwd><kwd>гипотеза</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>diabetic retinopathy</kwd><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>polymorphic variants of genes</kwd><kwd>Yakuts</kwd><kwd>hypothesis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мошетова Л. Клинико-функциональные характеристики органа зрения при сахарном диабете / Л. Мошетова, Г. Аржиматова, А. Комаров // Врач. – 2012. – № 5. – С. 24–27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moshetova L. 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