ymjЯкутский медицинский журналYakut Medical Journal1813-19052312-1017ЯНЦ КМП10.1234/YMJ.2022.77.11ymj-91Research ArticleМЕТОДЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯMETHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENTДиагностика и динамическое наблюдение врожденных пороков развития органов мочевой системы у детей первого года жизниDiagnostics and dynamic observation of congenital malformations of the urinary system organs in first-year childrenhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7024-5201НиА.NeeA.

Ни Антонина – д.м.н., проф.

Владивосток

Antonina Nee – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of Institute of Pediatrics, Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

neeant56@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4465-3471СергееваЕ. В.SergeevaE. V.

Сергеева Елена Васильевна – аспирант, ассистент.

Владивосток

Elena V. Sergeeva – PhD Student, assistant of the Institute of Pediatrics, Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

ШуматоваТ. А.ShumatovaT. A.

Шуматова Татьяна Александровна – д.м.н., проф., директор Института.

Владивосток

Tatyana A. Shumatova – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Director of Institute of Pediatrics, Pacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation.

ФГБОУ ВО Тихоокеанский гос. медицин. ун-т МЗ РФ, Институт педиатрииРоссияPacific State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202204022025014144Copyright © Ни А., Сергеева Е.В., Шуматова Т.А., 20252025Ни А., Сергеева Е.В., Шуматова Т.А.Nee A., Sergeeva E.V., Shumatova T.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/91

Цель исследования – провести мониторинг врожденных пороков почек у детей грудного возраста и определить тактику ведения пациентов с обструктивными вариантами пороков. Результаты работы показали, что наиболее распространенным вариантом аномалий почек у детей являются пиелоэктазии. При наличии обструктивного типа аномалий почек необходимо проводить динамическое сонографическое исследование в 3 и 12 мес. жизни, а в 6 мес. – назначать общий анализ мочи и ее бактериологическое исследование.

Introduction. Congenital malformations of the urinary system occupy a leading place in the progression of children chronic kidney disease. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to monitor the abnormalities of children kidney defects and to determine the tactics of managing patients with obstructive malformations in a polyclinic. Materials and methods. We analyzed the data of 126 children medical records for the period from 2014 to 2020, in whom ultrasound changes in the kidneys and urinary tract was detected in the first month of life. Obstructive variants of renal defects was recorded in 102 (80.95 ± 3.50 %) children. Depending on the presence of urinary syndrome. Children with obstructive defects were ranked into two groups: Cohort I included 30 (29.41 ± 4.51%) children with kidney anomalies in whom a urinary tract infection was registered, and Cohort II included 72 (70.59 ± 4.51 %) a child with kidney abnormalities without changes in urine tests. Results. Pyelectasias prevail in the structure of kidney anomalies in infants – in 65.08 ± 4.25% of cases, which disappear spontaneously in 68.63 ± 4.59 %. The negative echographic dynamics of defects was significantly more often recorded in children with the addition of urinary tract infections (χ2 = 5.47, with p = 0.01). For children with obstructive variants of kidney anomalies, early accession of urinary tract infection is characteristic – at 6 months with a frequency of exacerbation 2 times a year. Conclusions. If pyeloectasia is detected at the age of 1 month, it is necessary to conduct a sonographic study in dynamics at 3 and 12 months, and at 6 months – to prescribe a general urinalysis and bacteriological examination of urine

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.