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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ymj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Якутский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yakut Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-1905</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-1017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЯНЦ КМП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1234/YMJ.2022.77.09</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ymj-88</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современное хирургическое лечение пожилых пациентов с холедохолитиазом и механической желтухой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Modern surgical treatment of elderly patients with choledocholithiasis and mechanical jaundice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Винокуров</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinokurov</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Винокуров Михаил Михайлович – д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой.</p><p>Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail M. Vinokurov – MD, professor, chair of the department of surgery, Medical institute of the North-Eastern federal university.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mm.vinokurov@s-vfu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петров Александр Петрович – зав. отд.</p><p>Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander P. Petrov – head of the I-st surgical department of the Republican hospital #2, Center for urgent care.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">APPetrof73@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савельев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Saveliev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савельев Вячеслав Васильевич – д.м.н., проф.</p><p>Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav V. Saveliev – MD, professor of the department of surgery, Medical institute of the North-Eastern federal university.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvsavelievv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривошапкин</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivoshapkin</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кривошапкин Вадим Григорьевич – д.м.н., проф.</p><p>Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim G. Krivoshapkin – MD, professor of the department of therapy, Medical institute of the North-Eastern federal university.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kukaj1937@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатьев</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatiev</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Игнатьев Виктор Георгиевич – д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой.</p><p>Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor G. Ignatiev – MD, Professor, chair of the department of general surgery, Medical institute of the North-Eastern federal university.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ignat-prof@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тобохов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tobokhov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тобохов Александр Васильевич – д.м.н., проф., зав. кафедрой.</p><p>Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander V. Tobokhov - MD, Professor, chair of the department of hospital surgery and radiodiagnostics, Medical institute of the North-Eastern federal university.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">avtobohov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тяптиргянова</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyaptirgianova</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тяптиргянова Татьяна Матвеевна – д.м.н., проф.</p><p>Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana M. Tyaptirgyanova – MD, Professor, chair of the department of hospital surgery and radiodiagnostics, Medical institute of the North-Eastern federal university.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tmt50@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Винокуров</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinokurov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Винокуров Михаил Андреевич – врач хирург.</p><p>Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail A. Vinokurov – a surgeon of the I-st surgical department of the Republican hospital #2, Center for urgent care.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">michailwork@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слободчикова</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slobodchikova</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Слободчикова Майя Павловна – преподаватель СПбГПМУ.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maya P. Slobodchikova – a senior lecturer of the department of foreign languages with the courses of Russian and Latin, Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical university.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">МИ СВФУ им. М.К. Аммосова<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Medical institute of the North-Eastern federal university<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">РБ№2–ЦЭМП<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Republican hospital #2<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">СПбГПМУ<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg state pediatric medical university<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Винокуров М.М., Петров А.П., Савельев В.В., Кривошапкин В.Г., Игнатьев В.Г., Тобохов А.В., Тяптиргянова Т.М., Винокуров М.А., Слободчикова М.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Винокуров М.М., Петров А.П., Савельев В.В., Кривошапкин В.Г., Игнатьев В.Г., Тобохов А.В., Тяптиргянова Т.М., Винокуров М.А., Слободчикова М.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vinokurov M.M., Petrov A.P., Saveliev V.V., Krivoshapkin V.G., Ignatiev V.G., Tobokhov A.V., Tyaptirgianova T.M., Vinokurov M.A., Slobodchikova M.P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/88">https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/88</self-uri><abstract><p>В работе проведен проспективный анализ результатов диагностики и лечения больных пожилого и старческого возраста с острым холециститом, осложненным холедохолитиазом и механической желтухой. В комплексной диагностике использовали УЗИ, MCKT, МРТ и ЭРХПГ. В хирургическом лечении таких пациентов применялась двухэтапная лечебная тактика. На первом этапе основное внимание уделялось использованию малоинвазивных методов декомпрессии билиарных протоков, в том числе и эндоскопических. На втором этапе предпочтение отдавалось миниинвазивной хирургической операции. Сроки предоперационной подготовки и выбор метода операции зависели от морфологической формы острого холецистита и категории тяжести физического состояния больных. Благодаря применению двухэтапной лечебной тактики у данной категории больных, наблюдались уменьшение количества послеоперационных осложнений и снижение уровня послеоперационной летальности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A prospective analysis of diagnosis and treatment of the elderly and senile patients with acute cholecystitis complicated by choledocholithiasis and mechanical jaundice is carried out. Ultrasound scan, multispiral computed tomography, MRI and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaography were used in complex diagnosis. The tactics of a double step-by-step approach in surgical treatment of these patients was performed, the first stage required minimally invasive methods of decompression of bile ducts, including endoscopic. The second stage was preferably carried out by minimally invasive surgical operation. The duration of pre-operative preparation and choice of the method of the operation depended on the morphology of acute cholecystitis and degree of the patient’s physical condition. Due to the double step-by-step stage approach of the surgical tactics in such patients the level of postoperative complications decreased up to 9.1% and postoperative lethality reduced up to 6.8%.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый холецистит</kwd><kwd>холедохолитиаз</kwd><kwd>пожилой и старческий возраст</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd><kwd>категория тяжести физического состояния</kwd><kwd>механическая желтуха</kwd><kwd>холецистэктомия</kwd><kwd>микрохолецистостомия</kwd><kwd>МР-холангиография</kwd><kwd>ЭРХПГ</kwd><kwd>литоэкстракция</kwd><kwd>лапароскопия</kwd><kwd>ЛХЭ</kwd><kwd>холецистэктомия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute cholecystitis</kwd><kwd>choledocholithiasis</kwd><kwd>elderly and senile age</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd><kwd>level of the severity of the physical condition</kwd><kwd>mechanical jaundice</kwd><kwd>cholecystectomy</kwd><kwd>microcholecystostomy</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance (MR) cholangiography</kwd><kwd>endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaography</kwd><kwd>lythoextraction</kwd><kwd>laparoscopy</kwd><kwd>laparoscopic cholecystectomy</kwd><kwd>cholecystectomy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Анваров Х.Э. 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