ymjЯкутский медицинский журналYakut Medical Journal1813-19052312-1017ЯНЦ КМП10.25789/YMJ.2025.90.03ymj-765Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯORIGINAL RESEARCHПрогнозирование ретенции нижних третьих моляров по данным углов наклонов на ортопантомограммахLower third molar impaction forecast based on angulation of their axis on panoramic x-rayshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6100-1830ГасымоваЗ. В.GasimovaZ. V.

Гасымова Зиба Вагиф кызы – д.м.н., зав. кафедрой.

AZ 370012, Баку, ул. Музафара Гасанова, 35

zeba_gasimova@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-2117-6880ВелиеваВ. А.VeliyevaV. A.

Велиева Вусаля Ариф кызы – ст. лаб.

AZ 370012, Баку, ул. Музафара Гасанова, 35

v_832001@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8517-0214ГасымовО. Ф.GasimovO. F.

Гасымов Орхан Фуад оглу – д. филос. по медицине, доцент.

AZ 370012, Баку, ул. Музафара Гасанова, 35

orkhan_gasimov@yahoo.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7725-2842ГафаровИ. А.GafarovI. A.

Гафаров Исмаил Адиль оглу – д. филос. по физ.-мат. н., доцент, зав. кафедрой.

AZ 370012, Баку, ул. Братьев Мардановых, 100

dr.Gafarov@hotmail.comАзербайджанский государственный институт усовершенствования врачей имени А. АлиеваAzerbaijanАзербайджанский Медицинский УниверситетRussian Federation202522062025021319Copyright © Гасымова З.В., Велиева В.А., Гасымов О.Ф., Гафаров И.А., 20252025Гасымова З.В., Велиева В.А., Гасымов О.Ф., Гафаров И.А.Gasimova Z.V., Veliyeva V.A., Gasimov O.F., Gafarov I.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/765

Проведена оценка диагностической значимости (чувствительности и специфичности) ретенции зачатков нижних третьих моляров у 121 пациентов в возрасте от 7 до 23 лет, обратившихся в клинику ортодонтии с жалобами на неправильный прикус. Пациентам в процессе ортодонтического лечения сделаны по несколько ортопантомограмм, а именно: до начала лечения, после завершения лечения съемными аппаратами, после завершения лечения несъемной техникой, а также в ретенционном периоде. В общей сложности для оценки положения нижних третьих моляров был проведен ретроспективный анализ 1085 зачатков нижних третьих моляров на 551 ортопантомограммах, полученных у пациентов с зубочелюстными аномалиями до, в процессе и после ортодонтического лечения, а также в ретенционном периоде. Выявлено, что у пациентов начиная с 14 лет, угол наклона зачатков НТМ позволяет с сенситивностью 64,8±6,5%, и специфичностью 71,4±6,0% прогнозировать их ретенцию. С увеличением возраста с более высокой степени сенситивности и специфичности возможно прогнозировать ретенцию даже при малых углах (менее 40 град).

Использование этих методов в диагностике ретенции зубов может привести к повышению эффективности профилактики патологических состояний, связанных с нарушением процесса прорезывания зуба.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic value (sensitivity and specificity) of lower third molar bud impaction in 121 patients aged 7 to 23 years who presented to an orthodontic clinic with complaints of different malocclusions. All patients underwent multiple panoramic radiographs during orthodontic treatment, specifically: before treatment initiation, after completion of phase 1 therapy, after fixed appliance therapy, and during the retention period.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on a total of 1,085 lower third molar buds across 551 panoramic radiographs obtained from patients with maloclusions before, during, and after orthodontic treatment, as well as during the retention phase.

The study revealed that starting from the age of 14, the inclination angle of lower third molar buds allow prediction of their impaction rate with a sensitivity of 64.8±6.5% and a specificity of 71.4±6.0%. As age increases, higher sensitivity and specificity enable impaction rate prediction even with smaller angles (less than 40°).

The application of these diagnostic methods can enhance the effectiveness of preventive measures for pathological conditions associated with delayed tooth eruption.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.