<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ymj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Якутский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yakut Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-1905</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-1017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЯНЦ КМП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25789/YMJ.2021.75.12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ymj-539</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Диагностика и лечение язвенных гастродуоденальных кровотечений</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative gastroduodenal bleeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильканич</surname><given-names>А. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilkanich</surname><given-names>A. Ya.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильканич Андрей Яношевич – д.м.н., доцент, проф. Медицинского института</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilkanich Andrey Yanoshevich – M.D., Professor, the Department of Surgical Diseases, Medical Institute</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ailkanich@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дарвин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Darvin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарвин Владимир Васильевич – д.м.н. проф., зав. Кафедрой</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Darvin Vladimir Vasilyevich – M.D., Professor, Head of the Department of Surgical Diseases</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvv@mf.surgu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжиков</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhikov</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыжиков Михаил Григорьевич – зав. отделением, врач-эндоскопист</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ryzhikov Mikhail Grigorievich – Head of the endoscopy department, endoscopist</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">orcchief@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оганян</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oganian</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оганян Армен Валерьевич – врач-эндоскопист;</p><p>аспирант Медицинского института</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oganian Armen Valerievich – Endoscopist;</p><p>Postgraduate of the Department of Surgical Diseases, Medical Institute</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">niak1994@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сургутский гос. Университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Surgut State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Нижневартовская окружная клинич. Больница<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Nizhnevartovsk Regional Clinical Hospita<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Нижневартовская окружная клинич. Больница;&#13;
Сургутский гос. Университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Nizhnevartovsk Regional Clinical Hospital;&#13;
Surgut State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>50</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ильканич А.Я., Дарвин В.В., Рыжиков М.Г., Оганян А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильканич А.Я., Дарвин В.В., Рыжиков М.Г., Оганян А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ilkanich A.Y., Darvin V.V., Ryzhikov M.G., Oganian A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/539">https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/539</self-uri><abstract><p>Язвенные гастродуоденальные кровотечения по-прежнему являются актуальной проблемой ургентной хирургии. В данном обзоре представлены современные данные о гастродуоденальных кровотечениях язвенной этиологии. Рассмотрены вопросы эпидемиологии и этиологии, диагностики и лечения язвенных гастродуоденальных кровотечений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Ulcerative gastroduodenal bleeding remains an urgent problem in emergency surgery. This literature review presents modern data on gastroduodenal bleeding of ulcerative etiology. The review considers the issues of epidemiology and etiology, as well as diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative gastroduodenal bleeding.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>язвенные гастродуоденальные кровотечения</kwd><kwd>рецидив язвенного кровотечения</kwd><kwd>консервативный гемостаз</kwd><kwd>эндоскопический гемостаз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>peptic ulcer bleeding</kwd><kwd>peptic ulcer bleeding relapse</kwd><kwd>conservative hemostasis</kwd><kwd>endoscopic hemostasis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Богданович А.В. Структура и тактика лечения кровотечений из верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта / А.В. Богданович, В.Н. Шиленок, Э.Я. Зельдин // Вестник Витебского государственного медицинского университета. – 2016. – Т. 15, №. 3. – С. 40-46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bogdanovich A.V. The structure and tactics of treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding / A.V. Bogdanovich, V.N. Shilenok, E.Ia. Zeldin // Vitebsk State Medical University Herald. – 2016. – Т. 15. – No 3. – P. 40-46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Валеев М.В. Гастродуоденальные кровотечения. Анализ результатов лечения в условиях районной больницы. / М.В. Валеев, Ш.В. Тимербулатов // Вестник Национального медико-хирургического Центра им. Н.И. Пирогова. – 2020. – Т.15, №1. – С. 39-42. DOI: 0.25881/BPNMSC.2020.61.63.007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Valeev M.V. Gastroduodenal bleedings. Treatment results analysis in a district hospital / M.V. Valeev, Sh.V. Timerbulatov // N.I. Pirogov’s National Medical and Surgical Center Herald. – 2020. – Т.15. – No 1. – P. 39-42. DOI: 10.25881/BPNMSC.2020.61.63.007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Диагностика и лечение кровотечений из верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта у больных острым нарушением мозгового кровообращения / М.П. Королев [и др.] // Педиатр. – 2019. – Т. 10, № 5. – С. 43–50. DOI: 10.17816/PED10543-50</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diagnostics and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with acute cerebral circulation accident / M.P. Korolev [et al.] // Pediatrician. – 2019. – Т. 10. – No 5. – P. 43–50. DOI: 10.17816/PED10543-50</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Российское общество хирургов. Язвенные гастродуоденальные кровотечения. Клинические рекомендации. – М.; Воронеж, 2014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russian Surgeons Society. Ulcerative gastroduodenal bleeding. Clinical guidelines. Moscow – Voronezh. – 2014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная оценка систем прогноза рецидива язвенного гастродуоденального кровотечения / Н.В. Лебедев [и др.] // Хирургия. Журнал им. Н.И. Пирогова. – 2013. – №. 8. – С. 28-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Comparative assessment of recurrence of gastroduodenal ulcerative bleeding forecast systems / N.V. Lebedev [et al.] // Surgery. The Journal named after N.I. Pirogov. – 2013. – No. 8. – P. 28-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хирургическая тактика при язвенных гастродуоденальных кровотечениях / М.С. Кунафин [и др.] // Биологические науки. – С. 97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Surgical treatment strategy for ulcerative gastroduodenal bleeding / M.S. Kunafin [et al.] // Biological sciences. – P. 97.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Эндоскопический гемостаз при кровотечении из верхних отделов желудочно-кишечного тракта / А.В. Кузнецов [и др.] // Междисциплинарные аспекты многопрофильной клиники: диагностика, лечение, профилактика. – 2018. – С. 72-78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Endoscopic hemostasis in cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding / A.V. Kuznetsov [et al.] // Interdisciplinary aspects of multidisciplinary clinic: diagnosis, treatment, prevention. – 2018. – P. 72-78.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arima S. et al. Evaluation of hemostasis with soft coagulation using endoscopic hemostatic forceps in comparison with metallic hemoclips for bleeding gastric ulcers: a prospective, randomized trial // Journal of gastroenterology. – 2010. – Т. 45. – №. 5. – P. 501-505. DOI: 10.1007/s00535-009-0186-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arima S. et al. Evaluation of hemostasis with soft coagulation using endoscopic hemostatic forceps in comparison with metallic hemoclips for bleeding gastric ulcers: a prospective, randomized trial // Journal of gastroenterology. – 2010. – Т. 45. – №. 5. – P. 501-505. DOI: 10.1007/s00535-009-0186-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baracat F. et al. Endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleeding: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials // Surgical endoscopy. – 2016. – Т. 30. – №. 6. – P. 2155-2168. DOI: 10.1007/s00464-015-4542-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baracat F. et al. Endoscopic hemostasis for peptic ulcer bleeding: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials // Surgical endoscopy. – 2016. – Т. 30. – №. 6. – P. 2155-2168. DOI: 10.1007/s00464-015-4542-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bardou M. et al. Newer endoscopic therapies decrease both re-bleeding and mortality in high-risk patients with acute peptic ulcer bleeding: A series of meta-analyses // Gastroenterology. – 2003. – Т. 124. – №. 4. – P. A239. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-5085(03)81201-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bardou M. et al. Newer endoscopic therapies decrease both re-bleeding and mortality in high-risk patients with acute peptic ulcer bleeding: A series of meta-analyses // Gastroenterology. – 2003. – Т. 124. – №. 4. – P. A239. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-5085(03)81201-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Changela K. et al. Hemostatic powder spray: a new method for managing gastrointestinal bleeding // Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology. – 2015. – Т. 8. – №. 3. – P. 125-135. DOI: 0.1177/1756283X15572587</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Changela K. et al. Hemostatic powder spray: a new method for managing gastrointestinal bleeding // Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology. – 2015. – Т. 8. – №. 3. – P. 125-135. DOI: 0.1177/1756283X15572587</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chung W.C. et al. Clinical characteristics of Helicobacter pylori-negative drug-negative peptic ulcer bleeding // World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG. – 2015. – Т. 21. – №. 28. – P. 8636. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i28.8636</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chung W.C. et al. Clinical characteristics of Helicobacter pylori-negative drug-negative peptic ulcer bleeding // World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG. – 2015. – Т. 21. – №. 28. – P. 8636. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i28.8636</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Daram S. et al. A Double Blind Randomized Study to Evaluate the Use of Metoclopramide before Endoscopy for Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding // American Journal of Gastroenterology. – 2010. – T. 105. – P. 508</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Daram S. et al. A Double Blind Randomized Study to Evaluate the Use of Metoclopramide before Endoscopy for Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding // American Journal of Gastroenterology. – 2010. – T. 105. – P. 508</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fujishiro M. et al. Guidelines for endoscopic management of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding // Digestive Endoscopy. – 2016. – Т. 28. – №. 4. – P. 363-378. DOI: 10.1111/den.12639</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fujishiro M. et al. Guidelines for endoscopic management of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding // Digestive Endoscopy. – 2016. – Т. 28. – №. 4. – P. 363-378. DOI: 10.1111/den.12639</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gill K. R.S., Pooley R.A., Wallace M. B. Magnetic resonance imaging compatibility of endoclips // Gastrointestinal endoscopy. – 2009. – Т. 70. – №. 3. – P. 532-536. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2009.01.024</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gill K. R.S., Pooley R.A., Wallace M. B. Magnetic resonance imaging compatibility of endoclips // Gastrointestinal endoscopy. – 2009. – Т. 70. – №. 3. – P. 532-536. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2009.01.024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gisbert J.P., Abraira V. Accuracy of Helicobacter pylori diagnostic tests in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer: a systematic review and meta-analysis // American Journal of Gastroenterology. – 2006. – Т. 101. – №. 4. – P. 848-863.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gisbert J.P., Abraira V. Accuracy of Helicobacter pylori diagnostic tests in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer: a systematic review and meta-analysis // American Journal of Gastroenterology. – 2006. – Т. 101. – №. 4. – P. 848-863.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gralnek I. et al. Diagnosis and management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline // Endoscopy. – 2015. – Т. 47. – №. 10. – P. a1-46-a46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gralnek I. et al. Diagnosis and management of nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Guideline // Endoscopy. – 2015. – Т. 47. – №. 10. – P. a1-46-a46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grund K.E., Storek D., Farin G. Endoscopic argon plasma coagulation (APC) first clinical experiences in flexible endoscopy // Endoscopic surgery and allied technologies. – 1994. – Т. 2. – №. 1. – P. 42-46.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grund K.E., Storek D., Farin G. Endoscopic argon plasma coagulation (APC) first clinical experiences in flexible endoscopy // Endoscopic surgery and allied technologies. – 1994. – Т. 2. – №. 1. – P. 42-46.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hébuterne X., Vanbiervliet G. Feeding the patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding // Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &amp; Metabolic Care. – 2011. – Т. 14. – №. 2. – P. 197-201. DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283436dc5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hébuterne X., Vanbiervliet G. Feeding the patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding // Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition &amp; Metabolic Care. – 2011. – Т. 14. – №. 2. – P. 197-201. DOI: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3283436dc5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jensen D.M. et al. Reassessment of rebleeding risk of Forrest IB (oozing) peptic ulcer bleeding in a large international randomized trial // The American journal of gastroenterology. – 2017. – Т. 112. – №. 3. – P. 441. DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2016.582</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jensen D.M. et al. Reassessment of rebleeding risk of Forrest IB (oozing) peptic ulcer bleeding in a large international randomized trial // The American journal of gastroenterology. – 2017. – Т. 112. – №. 3. – P. 441. DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2016.582</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaminskis A. et al. Endoscopic hemostasis followed by preventive transarterial embolization in high-risk patients with bleeding peptic ulcer: 5-year experience // World Journal of Emergency Surgery. – 2019. – Т. 14. – №. 1. – P. 1-6. DOI: 10.1186/s13017-019-0264-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaminskis A. et al. Endoscopic hemostasis followed by preventive transarterial embolization in high-risk patients with bleeding peptic ulcer: 5-year experience // World Journal of Emergency Surgery. – 2019. – Т. 14. – №. 1. – P. 1-6.  DOI: 10.1186/s13017-019-0264-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Karstensen J.G. et al. Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) cascade guideline // Endoscopy international open. – 2018. – Т. 6. – №. 10. – P. E1256.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karstensen J.G. et al. Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) cascade guideline // Endoscopy international open. – 2018. – Т. 6. – №. 10. – P. E1256.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khoshbaten M. et al. Effects of early oral feeding on relapse and symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in peptic ulcer disease // Digestive endoscopy. – 2013. – Т. 25. – №. 2. – P. 125-129. DOI: 10.1111/j.1443-1661.2012.01347.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khoshbaten M. et al. Effects of early oral feeding on relapse and symptoms of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in peptic ulcer disease // Digestive endoscopy. – 2013. – Т. 25. – №. 2. – P. 125-129. DOI: 10.1111/j.1443-1661.2012.01347.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laine L. Bipolar-multipolar electrocoagulation of bleeding ulcers // Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics. – 1991. – Т. 1. – №. 2. – P. 291-302.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laine L. Bipolar-multipolar electrocoagulation of bleeding ulcers // Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics. – 1991. – Т. 1. – №. 2. – P. 291-302.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laine L., McQuaid K.R. Endoscopic therapy for bleeding ulcers: an evidence-based approach based on meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials // Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. – 2009. – Т. 7. – №. 1. – P. 33-47. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2008.08.016</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laine L., McQuaid K.R. Endoscopic therapy for bleeding ulcers: an evidence-based approach based on meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials // Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. – 2009. – Т. 7. – №. 1. – P. 33-47. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2008.08.016</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marshall B.J., Warren J.R. Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration // The lancet. – 1984. – Т. 323. – №. 8390. – P. 1311-1315.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marshall B.J., Warren J.R. Unidentified curved bacilli in the stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration // The lancet. – 1984. – Т. 323. – №. 8390. – P. 1311-1315.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mokhtare M. et al. Comparison of Glasgow-Blatchford score and full Rockall score systems to predict clinical outcomes in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding // Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology. – 2016. – Т. 9. – P. 337. DOI: 10.2147/CEG.S114860</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mokhtare M. et al. Comparison of Glasgow-Blatchford score and full Rockall score systems to predict clinical outcomes in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding // Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology. – 2016. – Т. 9. – P. 337. DOI: 10.2147/CEG.S114860</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Odutayo A. et al. Restrictive versus liberal blood transfusion for gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials // The Lancet Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology. – 2017. – Т. 2. – №. 5. – P. 354-360. DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(17)30054-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Odutayo A. et al. Restrictive versus liberal blood transfusion for gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials // The Lancet Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology. – 2017. – Т. 2. – №. 5. – P. 354-360. DOI: 10.1016/S2468-1253(17)30054-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roy A. et al. The clinical and cost implications of failed endoscopic hemostasis in gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding // United European gastroenterology journal. – 2017. – Т. 5. – №. 3. – P. 359-364. DOI: 10.1177/2050640616663570</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roy A. et al. The clinical and cost implications of failed endoscopic hemostasis in gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding // United European gastroenterology journal. – 2017. – Т. 5. – №. 3. – P. 359-364. DOI: 10.1177/2050640616663570</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siau K. et al. Management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: an update for the general physician // Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. – 2017. – Т. 47. – №. 3. – P. 219. DOI: 10.4997/JRCPE.2017.303</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siau K. et al. Management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: an update for the general physician // Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. – 2017. – Т. 47. – №. 3. – P. 219. DOI: 10.4997/JRCPE.2017.303</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stanley A.J. et al. Comparison of risk scoring systems for patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: international multicentre prospective study // bmj. – 2017. – Т. 356. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i6432</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stanley A.J. et al. Comparison of risk scoring systems for patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: international multicentre prospective study // bmj. – 2017. – Т. 356. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i6432</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Szary N.M. et al. Erythromycin prior to endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a meta-analysis // Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. – 2011. – Т. 46. – №. 7-8. – P. 920-924. DOI:10.3109/00365521.2011.568520</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Szary N.M. et al. Erythromycin prior to endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a meta-analysis // Scandinavian journal of gastroenterology. – 2011. – Т. 46. – №. 7-8. – P. 920-924. DOI:10.3109/00365521.2011.568520</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsoi K.K.F., Hirai H.W., Sung J.J.Y. Meta-analysis: comparison of oral vs. intravenous proton pump inhibitors in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding // Alimentary pharmacology &amp; therapeutics. – 2013. – Т. 38. – №. 7. – P. 721-728. DOI: 10.1111/apt.12441</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsoi K.K.F., Hirai H.W., Sung J.J.Y. Meta-analysis: comparison of oral vs. intravenous proton pump inhibitors in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding // Alimentary pharmacology &amp; therapeutics. – 2013. – Т. 38. – №. 7. – P. 721-728. DOI: 10.1111/apt.12441</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vergara M. et al. Epinephrine injection versus epinephrine injection and a second endoscopic method in high-risk bleeding ulcers // Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. – 2014. – №. 10. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005584.pub3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vergara M. et al. Epinephrine injection versus epinephrine injection and a second endoscopic method in high-risk bleeding ulcers // Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. – 2014. – №. 10. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005584.pub3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Villanueva C. et al. Transfusion strategies for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding // New England Journal of Medicine. – 2013. – Т. 368. – №. 1. – P. 11-21. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1211801</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Villanueva C. et al. Transfusion strategies for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding // New England Journal of Medicine. – 2013. – Т. 368. – №. 1. – P. 11-21. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1211801</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J. et al. Restrictive vs liberal transfusion for upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials // World journal of gastroenterology: WJG. – 2013. – Т. 19. – №. 40. – P. 6919. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i40.6919</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang J. et al. Restrictive vs liberal transfusion for upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials // World journal of gastroenterology: WJG. – 2013. – Т. 19. – №. 40. – P. 6919. DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i40.6919</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wong T.C.L. et al. A comparison of angiographic embolization with surgery after failed endoscopic hemostasis to bleeding peptic ulcers // Gastrointestinal endoscopy. – 2011. – Т. 73. – №. 5. – P. 900-908. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2010.11.024</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wong T.C.L. et al. A comparison of angiographic embolization with surgery after failed endoscopic hemostasis to bleeding peptic ulcers // Gastrointestinal endoscopy. – 2011. – Т. 73. – №. 5. – P. 900-908. DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2010.11.024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
