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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ymj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Якутский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yakut Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-1905</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-1017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЯНЦ КМП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25789/YMJ.2026.95.02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ymj-3452</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительная оценка эффективности трансплантации саркомы мягких тканей в трубчатые и плоские кости при формировании ортотопических PDX-моделей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of soft tissue sarcoma transplantation into tubular and flat bones during the formation of orthotopic PDX models</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6454-2564</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алиханова</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alikhanova</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алиханова Сарижат Сурхаевна – врач-онколог отделения костей, кожи и молочной железы </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sarizhat.alikhanova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7073-9463</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аушева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ausheva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аушева Татьяна Валерьевна – канд. мед. наук, врач-онколог отделения костей, кожи и молочной железы </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9747-8515</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гурова Софья Валерьевна – мл. науч. сотр., испытательный лабораторный центр </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3972-2452</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каплиева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaplieva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каплиева Ирина Викторовна ‒ д-р мед.наук, зав. испытательным лабораторным центром </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaplirina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6350-4761</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горохова</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorokhova</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горохова Дарья Андреевна – аспирант отделения костей, кожи и молочной железы </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7913-2312</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнова Екатерина Александровна – ординатор отделения костей, кожи и молочной железы </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7823-3865</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галина Анастасия Владимирова – мл. науч. сотр., испытательный лабораторный центр </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1125-2897</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шульга</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shulga</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шульга Анна Александровна ‒ мл. науч. сотр., испытательный лабораторный центр </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3561-098X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дженкова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhenkova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дженкова Елена Алексеевна – д-р биол. наук, ученый секретарь </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7553-6550</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>Е. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>E. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Комарова Екатерина Федоровна ‒ д-р биол. наук, вед. науч. сотр. </p><p>ул. 14-я линия, д. 63, г. Ростов-на-Дону, 344037</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2067-3492</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шатова</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shatova</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шатова Мария Кирилловна – студентка  </p><p>ул. Кирочная, д. 41, г. Санкт-Петербург, 191015</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>9</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Алиханова С.С., Аушева Т.В., Гурова С.В., Каплиева И.В., Горохова Д.А., Смирнова Е.А., Галина А.В., Шульга А.А., Дженкова Е.А., Комарова Е.Ф., Шатова М.К., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алиханова С.С., Аушева Т.В., Гурова С.В., Каплиева И.В., Горохова Д.А., Смирнова Е.А., Галина А.В., Шульга А.А., Дженкова Е.А., Комарова Е.Ф., Шатова М.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alikhanova S.S., Ausheva T.V., Gurova S.V., Kaplieva I.V., Gorokhova D.A., Smirnova E.A., Galina A.V., Shulga A.A., Dzhenkova E.A., Komarova E.F., Shatova M.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3452">https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3452</self-uri><abstract><p>Саркомы мягких тканей (СМТ) — редкая, но высокоагрессивная патология, характеризующаяся частыми рецидивами и склонностью к инвазии в кость, что ухудшает прогноз и ограничивает возможности органосохраняющего лечения. В данной работе созданы PDX-модели СМТ с костной инвазией путём трансплантации в трубчатую и плоскую кости. В первом пассаже из 26 моделей приживаемость составила 92,3 % для трубчатой кости и 61,5 % для плоской. Во втором пассаже эффективность снизилась до 40,9 % (9/20), однако успешно прижившиеся ксенографты (6 в трубчатых, 3 в плоских костях) продемонстрировали ускоренный рост, свидетельствующий об адаптации опухоли. Трансплантация в трубчатую кость признана предпочтительным методом для получения стабильных моделей. Разработанные PDX-модели с костной инвазией представляют ценный инструмент для изучения механизмов опухолевого прорастания и доклинического тестирования противоопухолевых препаратов, включая таргетные и иммунотерапевтические агенты.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are characterized by pronounced local aggressiveness, a high recurrence rate, and the potential for invasive growth into adjacent anatomical structures, including bone. In this study, we developed two methods for creating orthotopic models: transplanting tumor material into the femur (tubular) and pubic (flat) bones. In the first passage, 26 models were created (two for each of 13 donors). Transplantation into tubular bone demonstrated a higher engraftment rate-92.3% (12/13) versus 61.5% (8/13) for flat bone. In the second passage, 20 transplants were performed with an overall engraftment rate of 40.9% (9/20), resulting in six stably growing xenografts in tubular bones and three in flat bones. The more intense growth in the second passage reflects successful adaptation of the xenografts. The developed orthotopic PDX models of bone-invasive sarcomas represent a promising tool for preclinical research, enabling the study of the pathogenesis of tumor invasion, modeling the mechanisms of local sarcoma spread, and assessing the efficacy of anticancer drugs, including targeted and immunotherapeutic agents.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>саркома мягких тканей</kwd><kwd>модели</kwd><kwd>мыши</kwd><kwd>экспериментальная онкология</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>soft tissue sarcoma</kwd><kwd>models</kwd><kwd>mice</kwd><kwd>experimental oncology</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Государственное задание ФГБУ «НМИЦ онкологии» Минздрава России на тему «Изучение противоопухолевой активности новых фармакологических субстанций на моделях in vitro и in vivo (TKIQ-2021-0005)» 2021 / 2023 Регистрационный номер: 1022040700685-3-1.6.23</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Злокачественные новообразования в России в 2024 году (заболеваемость и смертность) / под ред. 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