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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ymj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Якутский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yakut Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-1905</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-1017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЯНЦ КМП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25789/YMJ.2025.92.11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ymj-3060</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование стволовых клеток в остеопластике дефектов челюстей: клеточно-инженерный подход</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The use of stem cells in osteoplasty of jaw defects: a cell-engineering approach</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudrin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудрин Дмитрий Александрович – студент 6-го курса.</p><p>394036, Воронеж, улица Студенческая, 10</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">volyyyk@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Магомедалиев</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Magomedaliev</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Магомедалиев Магомед Магомедалиевич – студент 6-го курса.</p><p>367000, Махачкала, площадь им. Ленина, 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">magomedalievmagomed555@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономаренко</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarenko</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пономаренко Ангелина Михайловна – студент 6-го курса.</p><p>394036, Воронеж, улица Студенческая, 10</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">angipm@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колупаева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolupaeva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колупаева Ольга Владимировна – студент 6-го курса.</p><p>394036, Воронеж, улица Студенческая, 10</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olya.kolupaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7334-6965</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асельдерова</surname><given-names>А. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aselderova</surname><given-names>A. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асельдерова Аида Шамсутдиновна – к.м.н., доцент, зав. учебной частью.</p><p>367000, Махачкала, площадь им. Ленина, 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aselderova61@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кудрин Д.А., Магомедалиев М.М., Пономаренко А.М., Колупаева О.В., Асельдерова А.Ш., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кудрин Д.А., Магомедалиев М.М., Пономаренко А.М., Колупаева О.В., Асельдерова А.Ш.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kudrin D.A., Magomedaliev M.M., Ponomarenko A.M., Kolupaeva O.V., Aselderova A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3060">https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3060</self-uri><abstract><p>Применение стволовых клеток в остеопластике дефектов челюстей представляет одно из наиболее перспективных направлений современной клеточно-инженерной регенеративной медицины. Традиционные методы остеопластики имеют ряд ограничений — от риска инфекций и болевого синдрома до ограниченного объема доступного трансплантата. В этой связи стволовые клетки открывают новые возможности для создания биологически активных конструкций, способных стимулировать остеогенез и восстановление сложных структур челюстно-лицевой области. В обзоре систематизированы современные данные о применении стволовых клеток периодонтальной связки (PDLSC), пульпы зуба (DPSC) и челюстной кости (JBMSC) в остеопластике дефектов челюсти. Рассмотрены их морфологические и молекулярные характеристики, остеогенный потенциал, взаимодействие с микроокружением дефекта, а также интеграция с биоматериалами и факторами роста. Особое внимание уделено результатам доклинических и клинических исследований, подтверждающих безопасность и эффективность клеточных терапий, направленных на восстановление комплекса цемент–периодонтальная связка–кость и улучшение остеоинтеграции имплантатов. Кроме того, в работе анализируются существующие доклинические модели дефектов челюстной кости у мелких и крупных животных, обеспечивающие экспериментальную базу для оценки эффективности клеточно-инженерных конструкций и разработки безопасных протоколов клинического применения. Отмечается значимость DPSC- и JBMSC-экзосом как биологически активных факторов, усиливающих остеогенную дифференцировку и регенерацию тканей. Полученные данные подчеркивают высокую перспективность использования стволовых клеток из полости рта для регенерации костной ткани, разработки новых биосовместимых материалов и индивидуализированных терапевтических стратегий. Представленный обзор может служить научной основой для создания эффективных, безопасных и клинически оправданных подходов к лечению челюстно-костных дефектов и улучшению результатов имплантационной терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The use of stem cells in osteoplasty of jaw defects is one of the most promising areas of modern cellular engineering regenerative medicine. Traditional osteoplasty methods have a number of limitations, from the risk of infections and pain to the limited amount of available graft. In this regard, stem cells open up new possibilities for creating biologically active structures capable of stimulating osteogenesis and restoring complex structures of the maxillofacial region. The review systematizes current data on the use of periodontal ligament (PDLSC), dental pulp (DPSC) and jawbone (JBMSC) stem cells in osteoplasty of jaw defects. Their morphological and molecular characteristics, osteogenic potential, interaction with the microenvironment of the defect, as well as integration with biomaterials and growth factors are considered. Special attention is paid to the results of preclinical and clinical studies confirming the safety and effectiveness of cellular therapies aimed at restoring the cement–periodontal ligament–bone complex and improving the osseointegration of implants. In addition, the work analyzes existing preclinical models of jawbone defects in small and large animals, providing an experimental basis for evaluating the effectiveness of cellular engineering structures and developing safe protocols for clinical use. The importance of DPSC and JBMSC exosomes as biologically active factors enhancing osteogenic differentiation and tissue regeneration is noted. The obtained data emphasize the high prospects of using stem cells from the oral cavity for bone tissue regeneration, the development of new biocompatible materials and individualized therapeutic strategies. The presented review can serve as a scientific basis for creating effective, safe and clinically justified approaches to the treatment of maxillofacial defects and improving the results of implantation therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>остеопластика</kwd><kwd>челюстные дефекты</kwd><kwd>тканевая инженерия</kwd><kwd>PDLSC</kwd><kwd>DPSC</kwd><kwd>JBMSC</kwd><kwd>регенерация костной ткани</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stem cells</kwd><kwd>osteoplasty</kwd><kwd>jaw defects</kwd><kwd>tissue engineering</kwd><kwd>PDLSC</kwd><kwd>DPSC</kwd><kwd>JBMSC</kwd><kwd>bone regeneration</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аблязов А.Р., Сысоев Н.П., Зубкова Л.П. 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