<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ymj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Якутский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yakut Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-1905</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-1017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЯНЦ КМП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25789/YMJ.2020.71.01</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ymj-2971</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Наследственные спастические параплегии: с точки зрения клинико-генетической гетерогенности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hereditary spastic paraplegia: classification, clinical and genetic characteristics</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таппахов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tappakhov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Таппахов Алексей Алексеевич – к.м.н., доцент,</p><p>с.н.с. УНЛ нейропсихофизиологических исследований;</p><p>с.н.с.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dralex89@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попова</surname><given-names>Т. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popova</surname><given-names>T. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Попова Татьяна Егоровна – д.м.н., зам. директора по науке ЯНЦ КМП, проф.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tata2504@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>МИ СВФУ им. М.К. Аммосова;&#13;
Клиника СВФУ им. М.К. Аммосова;&#13;
Центр нейродегенеративных заболеваний ЯНЦ КМП</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>МИ СВФУ им. М. К. Аммосова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>6</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Таппахов А.А., Попова Т.Е., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Таппахов А.А., Попова Т.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tappakhov A.A., Popova T.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2971">https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2971</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье приведен обзор современной литературы о генетических механизмах и клинических проявлениях различных подтипов наследственных спастических параплегий, обсуждаются дифференциальная диагностика и современные возможности терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article reviews the genetic basis and clinical manifestations of various subtypes of HSP, discusses differential diagnosis and modern treatment options.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наследственные спастические параплегии</kwd><kwd>болезнь Штрюмпеля</kwd><kwd>ген SPG</kwd><kwd>тонкое мозолистое тело</kwd><kwd>болезни двигательного неврона</kwd><kwd>спастичность</kwd><kwd>атаксия.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hereditary spastic paraplegia</kwd><kwd>Strumpel disease</kwd><kwd>SPG gene</kwd><kwd>thin corpus callosum</kwd><kwd>motor neuron diseases</kwd><kwd>spasticity</kwd><kwd>ataxia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белоусова Е.Д. Наследственные спастические параплегии / Е.Д. Белоусова // Российский вестник перинатологии и педиатрии. – 2010. – №1. – С. 89-95.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Belousova E.D. Hereditary spastic paraplegia / E.D. Belousova // Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics. – 2010. – Vol. 1. – P. 89-95.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Интратекальная баклофеновая терапия в России: результаты годового применения национального регистра / Е.В. Филатов, А.Р. Биктимиров, А.И. Симатов [и др.] // Современные технологии в медицине. – 2020. – №12(1). – С. 79-83. DOI:10.17691/stm2020.12.1.10</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Intrathecal baclofen therapy in Russia: results of the annual application of the national register / E.V. Filatov, A.R. Biktimirov, A.I. Simatov [et al.] // Modern technologies in medicine. – 2020. – Vol. 12(1). – P. 79-83. DOI:10.17691/stm2020.12.1.10</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Майорова Н.Г. Случай редкого фенотипа наследственной спастической параплегии / Н.Г. Майорова, В.А. Павлов // Вестник Смоленской государственной медицинской академии. – 2014. – № 1(4). – С. 71-74.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mayorova N.G. The case of a rare phenotype of hereditary spastic paraplegia / N.G. Mayorova, V.A. Pavlov // Bulletin of the Smolensk State Medical Academy. – 2014. – Vol. 1(4). – P. 71-74.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наследственная спастическая параплегия 4-го типа у российских больных / Г.Е. Руденская, В.А. Кадникова, О.П. Сидоров [и др.] // Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. – 2019. – №119(11). – С. 11-20. DOI:10.17116/jnevro201911911111</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hereditary spastic paraplegia type 4 in Russian patients / G.E. Rudenskaya, V.A. Kadnikova, O.P. Sidorov [et al.] // S.S. Korsakov’s Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. – 2019. – Vol. 119(11). – P. 11-20.] DOI:10.17116/jnevro201911911111</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наследственные атаксии и параплегии / С.Н. Иллариошкин, Г.Е. Руденская, И.А. Иванова-Смоленская [и др.]. – М.: МЕДПресс-информ. – 2006. – 416 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hereditary ataxia and paraplegia / S.N. Illarioshkin, G.E. Rudenskaya, I.A. Ivanova-Smolenskaya [et al.]. – M.: MEDPress-inform. – 2006. – 416 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Наследственные спастические параплегии и генокопии: современные возможности диагностики / Г.Е. Руденская, В.А. Кадникова, Ф.В. Коновалов [и др.] // Болезнь Паркинсона и расстройства движений: руководство для врачей по материалам IV Национального конгресса. – М., 2017. – С. 263-266.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hereditary spastic paraplegia and genocopy: modern diagnostic capabilities / G.E. Rudenskaya, V.A. Kadnikova, F.V. Konovalov [et al.] // Parkinson's disease and movement disorders: a guide for physicians based on the materials of the IV National Congress. – M., 2017. – P. 263-266.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трудности диагностики дебюта спастической параплегии 11-го типа у ребенка / П.В. Москалева, Е.Э. Вайман, Н.А. Шнайдер [и др.] // Трудный пациент. – 2019. – №17(1-2). – С. 42-48. DOI:10.24411/2074-1995-2019-10007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Difficulties in diagnosing the debut of spastic paraplegia type 11 in a child / P.V. Moskaleva, E.E. Wyman, N.A. Schneider [et al.] // Difficult patient. – 2019. – Vol. 17(1-2). – P. 42-48. DOI:10.24411/2074-1995-2019-10007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хроническая стимуляция спинного мозга при болезни Штрюмпеля: первое клиническое наблюдение / О.А. Гуща, А.А. Кащеев, А.В. Карабанов [и др.] // Неврологический журнал. – 2015. - №20(6). – С. 22-27. DOI:10.18821/1560-9545-2015-20-6-22-27</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chronic spinal cord stimulation in Strumpel disease: the first clinical observation / O.A. Gushcha, A.A. Kashcheev, A.V. Karabanov [et al.] // Neurological journal. – 2015. – Vol. 20(6). – P. 22- 27. DOI:10.18821/1560-9545-2015-20-6-22-27</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aleem A. Hereditary spastic paraplegias. clinical spectrum and growing list of genes / A. Aleem. – 2017. – 32 p. – URL: www.smgebooks. com (дата обращения: 25.05.2020)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aleem A. Hereditary spastic paraplegias. clinical spectrum and growing list of genes / A. Aleem. – 2017. – 32 p. – URL: www.smgebooks. com (дата обращения: 25.05.2020)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baas P.W. Axonal transport of microtubules: the long and short of it / P.W. Baas, C. Vidya Nadar, K.A. Myers // Traffic. – 2006. – Vol. 7(5). – P. 490-498. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2006.00392.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baas P.W. Axonal transport of microtubules: the long and short of it / P.W. Baas, C. Vidya Nadar, K.A. Myers // Traffic. – 2006. – Vol. 7(5). – P. 490-498. DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0854.2006.00392.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Blackstone C. Hereditary spastic paraplegia / C. Blackstone // Handbook of clinical neurology. – 2018. – Vol. 148. – P. 633-652. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-444-64076-5.00041-7</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Blackstone C. Hereditary spastic paraplegia / C. Blackstone // Handbook of clinical neurology. – 2018. – Vol. 148. – P. 633-652. DOI:10.1016/B978-0-444-64076-5.00041-7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bladder dysfunction in hereditary spastic paraplegia: a clinical and urodynamic evaluation / M. Fourtassi, S. Jacquin-Courtois, M. Scheiber-Nogueira [et al.] // Spinal Cord. – 2012. – Vol. 50(7). – P. 558-562. DOI:10.1038/sc.2011.193</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bladder dysfunction in hereditary spastic paraplegia: a clinical and urodynamic evaluation / M. Fourtassi, S. Jacquin-Courtois, M. Scheiber-Nogueira [et al.] // Spinal Cord. – 2012. – Vol. 50(7). – P. 558-562. DOI:10.1038/sc.2011.193</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Boukhris A. Tunisian hereditary spastic paraplegias: clinical variability supported by genetic heterogeneity / A. Boukhris, G. Stevanin, I. Feki // Clin Genet. – 2009. – Vol. 75(6). – P. 527- 536. DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2009.01176.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Boukhris A. Tunisian hereditary spastic paraplegias: clinical variability supported by genetic heterogeneity / A. Boukhris, G. Stevanin, I. Feki // Clin Genet. – 2009. – Vol. 75(6). – P. 527- 536. DOI:10.1111/j.1399-0004.2009.01176.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Expanding the clinical spectrum of SPG11 gene mutations in recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia with thin corpus callosum / A. Aleem, N. Abu-Shahba, D. Swistun [et al.] // Eur J Med Genet. – 2011. – Vol. 54(1). – P. 82-85. DOI:10.1016/j.ejmg.2010.10.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Expanding the clinical spectrum of SPG11 gene mutations in recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia with thin corpus callosum / A. Aleem, N. Abu-Shahba, D. Swistun [et al.] // Eur J Med Genet. – 2011. – Vol. 54(1). – P. 82-85. DOI:10.1016/j.ejmg.2010.10.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Functional effects of botulinum toxin type-A treatment and subsequent stretching of spastic calf muscles: a study in patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia / M. Niet, S. Bot, B. Warrenburg [et al.] // J Rehabil Med. – 2015. – Vol. 47(2). – P. 147-153. DOI:10.2340/16501977-1909</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Functional effects of botulinum toxin type-A treatment and subsequent stretching of spastic calf muscles: a study in patients with hereditary spastic paraplegia / M. Niet, S. Bot, B. Warrenburg [et al.] // J Rehabil Med. – 2015. – Vol. 47(2). – P. 147-153. DOI:10.2340/16501977-1909</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinical and genetic hallmarks / P. Souza, W. Rezende Pinto, G. Rezende Batistella [et al.] // Cerebellum. – 2017. – Vol. 16(2). – P. 525-551. DOI:10.1007/s12311-016-0803-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinical and genetic hallmarks / P. Souza, W. Rezende Pinto, G. Rezende Batistella [et al.] // Cerebellum. – 2017. – Vol. 16(2). – P. 525-551. DOI:10.1007/s12311-016-0803-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinical-genetic characteristics and evolving molecular mechanisms / T. Giudice, F. Lombardi, F. Santorelli [et al.] // Exp Neurol. – 2014. – Vol. 261. – P. 518-539. DOI:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.06.011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinical-genetic characteristics and evolving molecular mechanisms / T. Giudice, F. Lombardi, F. Santorelli [et al.] // Exp Neurol. – 2014. – Vol. 261. – P. 518-539. DOI:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.06.011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klebe S. Clinical and genetic heterogeneity in hereditary spastic paraplegias: from SPG1 to SPG72 and still counting / S. Klebe, G. Stevanin, C. Depienne // Rev Neurol (Paris). – Vol. 171(6-7). – P. 505-530. DOI:10.1016/j.neurol.2015.02.017</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klebe S. Clinical and genetic heterogeneity in hereditary spastic paraplegias: from SPG1 to SPG72 and still counting / S. Klebe, G. Stevanin, C. Depienne // Rev Neurol (Paris). – Vol. 171(6-7). – P. 505-530. DOI:10.1016/j.neurol.2015.02.017</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loureiro J. Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegias: a review of 89 families resulting from a Portuguese survey / J.L. Loureiro, E. Brandão, L. Ruano // JAMA Neurol. – 2013. – Vol. 70(4). – P. 481-487. DOI:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.1956</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loureiro J. Autosomal dominant spastic paraplegias: a review of 89 families resulting from a Portuguese survey / J.L. Loureiro, E. Brandão, L. Ruano // JAMA Neurol. – 2013. – Vol. 70(4). – P. 481-487. DOI:10.1001/jamaneurol.2013.1956</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Neuroimaging in hereditary spastic paraplegias: current use and future perspectives / F. Graça, T. Rezende, L. Vasconcellos [et al.] // Front Neurol. – 2019. – Vol. 10. – P. 1-10. DOI:10.3389/ fneur.2018.01117</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neuroimaging in hereditary spastic paraplegias: current use and future perspectives / F. Graça, T. Rezende, L. Vasconcellos [et al.] // Front Neurol. – 2019. – Vol. 10. – P. 1-10. DOI:10.3389/ fneur.2018.01117</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rajakulendran S. Thinning of the corpus callosum and cerebellar atrophy is correlated with phenotypic severity in a family with spastic paraplegia type 11 / S. Rajakulendran, C. PaisánRuiz, H. Houlden // J Clin Neurol. – 2011. – Vol. 7(2). – P. 102-104. DOI:10.3988/jcn.2011.7.2.102</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rajakulendran S. Thinning of the corpus callosum and cerebellar atrophy is correlated with phenotypic severity in a family with spastic paraplegia type 11 / S. Rajakulendran, C. PaisánRuiz, H. Houlden // J Clin Neurol. – 2011. – Vol. 7(2). – P. 102-104. DOI:10.3988/jcn.2011.7.2.102</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schüle R. Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinicogenetic lessons from 608 patients / R. Schüle, S. Wiethoff, P. Martus // Ann Neurol. – 2016. – Vol. 79(4). – P. 646-658. DOI:10.1002/ana.24611</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schüle R. Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinicogenetic lessons from 608 patients / R. Schüle, S. Wiethoff, P. Martus // Ann Neurol. – 2016. – Vol. 79(4). – P. 646-658. DOI:10.1002/ana.24611</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shribman S. Hereditary spastic paraplegia: from diagnosis to emerging therapeutic approaches / S. Shribman, E. Reid, A. Crosby // Lancet Neurol. – 2019. – Vol. 18(12). – P. 1136- 1146. DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30235-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shribman S. Hereditary spastic paraplegia: from diagnosis to emerging therapeutic approaches / S. Shribman, E. Reid, A. Crosby // Lancet Neurol. – 2019. – Vol. 18(12). – P. 1136- 1146. DOI:10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30235-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Solowska J.M. Hereditary spastic paraplegia SPG4: What is known and not known about the disease / J.M. Solowska, P.W. Baas // Brain. – 2015. – Vol. 138(9). – P. 2471-2484. DOI:10.1093/brain/awv178</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Solowska J.M. Hereditary spastic paraplegia SPG4: What is known and not known about the disease / J.M. Solowska, P.W. Baas // Brain. – 2015. – Vol. 138(9). – P. 2471-2484. DOI:10.1093/brain/awv178</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) in hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP): a sham-controlled crossover study / G. Ardolino, T. Bocci, M. Nigro [et al.] // J Spinal Cord Med. – 2018. DOI:10.1080/10790268.2018.15 43926</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS) in hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP): a sham-controlled crossover study / G. Ardolino, T. Bocci, M. Nigro [et al.] // J Spinal Cord Med. – 2018. DOI:10.1080/10790268.2018.15 43926</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">т The effects of functional electrical stimulation on walking in hereditary and spontaneous spastic paraparesis / J. Marsden, V. Stevenson, C. McFadden [et al.] // Neuromodulation Technol Neural Interface. – 2013. – Vol. 16(3). – P. 256- 260. DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1403.2012.00494.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">т The effects of functional electrical stimulation on walking in hereditary and spontaneous spastic paraparesis / J. Marsden, V. Stevenson, C. McFadden [et al.] // Neuromodulation Technol Neural Interface. – 2013. – Vol. 16(3). – P. 256- 260. DOI:10.1111/j.1525-1403.2012.00494.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The global epidemiology of hereditary ataxia and spastic paraplegia: a systematic review of prevalence studies / L. Ruano, C. Melo, M. Silva [et al.] // Neuroepidemiology. – 2014. – Vol. 42(3). – P. 174-183. DOI:10.1159/000358801</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The global epidemiology of hereditary ataxia and spastic paraplegia: a systematic review of prevalence studies / L. Ruano, C. Melo, M. Silva [et al.] // Neuroepidemiology. – 2014. – Vol. 42(3). – P. 174-183. DOI:10.1159/000358801</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
