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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ymj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Якутский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yakut Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-1905</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-1017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЯНЦ КМП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25789/YMJ.2022.80.08</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ymj-245</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТОДЫ ДИАГНОСТИКИ И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METHODS OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Состояние нервных волокон роговицы после экстракапсулярной экстракции катаракты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The condition of the corneal nerve fibers after extracapsular cataract extraction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-4275</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аветисов</surname><given-names>С. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avetisov</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Аветисов Сергей Эдуардович – д.м.н., проф., акад. РАН, научный руковод.; зав. кафедрой </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Avetisov Sergey E. – Prof. Acad. RAS, Scientific Director. Head. Department</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5692-1800</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сурнина</surname><given-names>З. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Surnina</surname><given-names>Z. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сурнина Зоя Васильевна – к.м.н., с.н.с., </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MEDZOE@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9195-8908</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аветисов</surname><given-names>К. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avetisov</surname><given-names>K. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аветисов Константин Сергеевич – д.м.н., зав. отделением</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Avetisov Konstantin M. – Head of Department</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0918-2635</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ндари</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ndari</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ндари Мохамед аспирант</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ndari Mohamed – graduate student </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Георгиев</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Georgiev</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Георгиев Стефан – аспирант; хирург-офтальмолог Якутской республ. офтальмологич. больницы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Georgiev Stefan – postgraduate student; ophthalmologist </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Луцкан</surname><given-names>И. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lutskan</surname><given-names>I. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Луцкан Иван Петрович – к.м.н., гл. врач ЯРОКБ, доцент Мединститута СВФУ им. М.К. Аммосова</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lutskan Ivan P. – PhD, Doctor of the Yakutsk Republican Ophthalmologic Clinical Hospital, Associate Professor of the Medical Institute of M.K. Ammosov SVFU</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый МГМУ им. И.М. Сеченова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «НИИ глазных болезней»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Surnina Zoya V. – PhD in Medical Sciences, senior researcher</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Якутская республ. офтальмологич. больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>FBSSE Scientific Institute of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Якутская республ. офтальмологич. больница</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yakutsk Republican Ophthalmologic Clinical Hospital,</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Якутская республ. офтальмологич. больница; &#13;
Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М.К. Аммосова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yakutsk Republican Ophthalmologic Clinical Hospital; &#13;
M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Аветисов С.Э., Сурнина З.В., Аветисов К.С., Ндари М., Георгиев С., Луцкан И.П., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Аветисов С.Э., Сурнина З.В., Аветисов К.С., Ндари М., Георгиев С., Луцкан И.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avetisov S.E., Surnina Z.V., Avetisov K.S., Ndari M., Georgiev S., Lutskan I.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/245">https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/245</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследование заключалось в изучении структурных изменений нервных волокон роговицы (НВР) после экстракапсулярной экстракции катаракты на основе лазерной конфокальной микроскопии.</p><p>Независимо  от  сроков  динамического  наблюдения  выявлено  снижение  длины  и  плотности  НВР  с  умеренной  тенденцией  к восстановлению к 6-му мес. после вмешательства.</p><p>К факторам, индуцирующим изменения НВР после различных методик факохирургии, следует отнести их пересечение в процессе выполнения хирургического разреза и энергетическое воздействие на роговицу. При применении микроинвазивных методик с учетом минимизации   протяженности   разреза   доминирующим   фактором   может   являться ультразвуковое  и/или  лазерное  излучение,  а  при  использовании  экстракапсулярной методики   –   непосредственно   протяженный   разрез   роговицы,   сопровождающийся пересечением НВР.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The term "phacosurgery" combines various surgical technologies for the complete or partial removal of the lens. The last decades are characterized by an almost complete transition from extracapsular cataract extraction to the so-called. microinvasive phacosurgery, in particular, standard ultrasound and hybrid (femtolaser) phacoemulsification. Nevertheless, in a number of cases (for example, when the so-called brown cataract is combined with severe dystrophic changes in the cornea), extracapsular extraction, which involves the removal of the “whole” nucleus through a wide surgical incision in the limbal zone of the cornea, is still the method of choice for phacosurgery. The condition of the cornea after phacosurgery remains one of the criteria for the success of the intervention. In this case, as a rule, attention is focused on the "loss" of cells of the posterior epithelium and violations of the optical regularity of the cornea. Changes in corneal nerve fibers (CNF) have been studied to a lesser extent.</p><p>The aim of the study was to study the structural changes in CNF after extracapsular cataract extraction based on laser confocal microscopy.</p><p>The studies were conducted on the clinical material of 20 operations of extracapsular cataract extraction, which were performed on 20 patients aged 52 to 74 years. The condition of CNF was assessed before and after 7-10 days, 2-2.5 and 6 months after surgery, using the length and density of the main branches of CNF (in mm/mm2 and units/mm2, respectively) in the central zone of the cornea.</p><p>Regardless of the timing of follow-up, a decrease in the length and density of CNF was revealed with a moderate tendency to recovery by the 6th month after the intervention. Despite this, a statistically significant decrease in the average length of the main CNFs persisted during all periods of observation, and in density - for 2-2.5 months.</p><p>Factors that induce changes in CNF after various phacosurgery techniques include their intersection during the surgical incision and the energy impact on the cornea. When using microinvasive techniques, taking into account the minimization of the length of the incision, ultrasound and/ or laser radiation may be the dominant factor, and when using the extracapsular technique, the directly extended corneal incision, accompanied by the intersection of the CNF. In clinical practice, potential disturbances in the CNF structure after phacosurgery should be taken into account in situations accompanied by pronounced initial changes in CNF (condition after keratoplasty and excimer laser keratorefractive surgery, various types of systemic polyneuropathy) </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нервные волокна роговицы</kwd><kwd>экстракапсулярная экстракция катаракты</kwd><kwd>лазерная конфокальная микроскопия роговицы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>corneal nerve fibers</kwd><kwd>extracapsular cataract extraction</kwd><kwd>laser confocal microscopy of the cornea</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Аветисов C.Э. Анатомо-функциональные особенности и методы исследования нервных волокон роговицы / Аветисов C.Э., Черненкова Н.А., Сурнина З.В.// Вестник офтальмологии. 2018. -Т. 134, № 6. 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