ymjЯкутский медицинский журналYakut Medical Journal1813-19052312-1017ЯНЦ КМП10.25789/YMJ.2023.81.26ymj-234Research ArticleНАУЧНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИSCIENTIFIC REVIEWS AND LECTURESРоль полиморфных вариантов генов FADS в адаптации к условиям Севера и развитии метаболических нарушенийThe role of FADS gene polymorphic variants in adaptation to the Northern climatic conditions and metabolic disordershttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1501-7433СивцеваТ. М.SivtsevaT. M.

Сивцева Татьяна Михайловна – к.б.н., в.н.с.

Sivtseva Tatiana Mikhailovna – PhD, leading researcher, Research Center

sivtceva@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2746-0608КлимоваТ. М.KlimovaT. M.

Климова Татьяна Михайловна - к.м.н, доцент, с.н.с.

Klimova Tatiana Mikhailovna – PhD, Associate Professor, senior researcher of the Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Senior Researcher; Senior Researcher, Department of Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases

 Yakutsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1395-8256ЗахароваР. Н.ZakharovaR. N.

Захарова Раиса Николаевна – к.м.н., в.н.с.

Zakharova Raisa Nikolaevna – Ph.D., leading researcher, Research Center

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7973-6103АммосоваЕ. П.AmmosovaE. P.

Аммосова Елена Петровна – к.м.н., врач функциональн. диагностики

Ammosova Elena Petrovna – Ph.D., leading researcher, Research Center; doctor of Functional Diagnostics

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9529-2488ОсаковскийВ. Л.OsakovskyV. L.

Осаковский Владимир Леонидович – к.б.н., гл.н.с.

Osakovsky Vladimir Leonidovich – Ph.D., chief researcher, Research Center

Научно-исследовательский центр Медицинского института Северо-Восточного федерального ун-та им. М.К. АммосоваРоссияMedical institute, M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal UniversityRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский центр Медицинского института Северо-Восточного федерального ун-та им. М.К. Аммосова; Якутский НЦ комплексных медицинских проблемРоссияResearch Center of the Medical Institute of the M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University; Yakut Scientific Center for Complex Medical ProblemsRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский центр Медицинского института Северо-Восточного федерального ун-та им. М.К. АммосоваРоссияMedical Institute of the M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal UniversityRussian FederationЯкутская городска больница №3РоссияMedical Institute of the M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University; State Autonomous Institution of the Republic of Sakha Yakutsk City Hospital No. 3Russian Federation20230602202501106112Copyright © Сивцева Т.М., Климова Т.М., Захарова Р.Н., Аммосова Е.П., Осаковский В.Л., 20252025Сивцева Т.М., Климова Т.М., Захарова Р.Н., Аммосова Е.П., Осаковский В.Л.Sivtseva T.M., Klimova T.M., Zakharova R.N., Ammosova E.P., Osakovsky V.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/234

Обзор посвящен обобщению исследований, связанных с изучением роли генов FADS в обмене полиненасыщенных жирных кислот как одного из механизмов адаптации организма человека к влиянию факторов окружающей среды, в частности, холодного климата. Проведен сравнительный анализ распространенности наиболее значимых для циркумполярных этносов полиморфных вариантов rs7115739, rs174570 генов FADS 2-3 у различных этнических групп, в том числе инуитов и якутов. Систематизированы результаты исследований влияния полиморфных маркеров генов FADS на показатели липидного обмена, риск сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и сахарного диабета 2-го типа в разных мировых популяциях.

The review summarizes the studies of the role of the FADS gene in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, as one of the mechanisms of human adaptation to the environmental conditions, in particular, a cold climate. A comparative analysis of the distribution of the most significant for circumpolar ethnic groups polymorphic variants rs7115739, rs174570 of the FADS 2-3 genes in various ethnic groups, including the Inuits and Yakuts, was carried out. The results of studies of the FADS polymorphic markers effect on lipid metabolism, the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus in different world populations are systematized.

гены FADSдесатуразыполиненасыщенные жирные кислотыrs7115739rs174570метаболизмадаптацияСеверFADS genesdesaturasespolyunsaturated fatty acidsrs7115739rs174570metabolismadaptationcoldNorthYakutsИсследование проведено в рамках базовой части государственного задания Министерства образования и науки РФ по теме «Генетические особенности населения Северо-Востока России: реконструкция генетической истории, механизмы адаптации и старения, возрастзависимые и наследственные заболевания» (номер государственной регистрации FSRG-2023-0003).The study was carried out within the framework of the basic part of the state task of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation on the topic "Genetic characteristics of the population of the north-east of Russia: reconstruction of genetic history, mechanisms of adaptation and aging, age-dependent and hereditary diseases." 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.