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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ymj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Якутский медицинский журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Yakut Medical Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1813-1905</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2312-1017</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ЯНЦ КМП</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ymj-1367</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эпидемиология наследственных болезней среди детского населения восьми районов Республики Татарстан</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic Epidemiology of Hereditary Diseases among the Child Population in Eight districts of Tatarstan Republic</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинченко</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinchenko</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зинченко Рена Абульфазовна – д.м.н., проф., зав. лаб., проф. Российского нац. мед. университета им. Н.И. Пирогова МЗ РФ </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">renazinchenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilieva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильева Татьяна Алексеевна – н.с. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasilyeva_debrie@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ельчинова</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Elchinova</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ельчинова Галина Ивановна – д.б.н., в.н.с. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elchinova@med-gen.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Ника Валентиновна – д.б.н., в.н.с. </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">npetrova63@mail.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрин Александр Николаевич – д.м.н., проф., зав. лаб. Московского гос. медико-стоматологического университета им. А.И. Евдокимова, врач Научно-практического центра медицинской помощи детям с пороками развития черепно-лицевой области и врожденными заболеваниями нервной системы </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.petrin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гинтер</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ginter</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гинтер Евгений Константинович – д.б.н., проф., акад. РАМН, директор </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ekginter@mail.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Медико-генетический научный центр РАМН</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-2"><institution>Московский гос. медико-стоматологический университета им. А.И. Евдокимова</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>19</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зинченко Р.А., Васильева Т.А., Ельчинова Г.И., Петрова Н.В., Петрин А.Н., Гинтер Е.К., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зинченко Р.А., Васильева Т.А., Ельчинова Г.И., Петрова Н.В., Петрин А.Н., Гинтер Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zinchenko R.A., Vasilieva T.A., Elchinova G.I., Petrova N.V., Petrin A.N., Ginter E.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1367">https://ymj.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1367</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены результаты генетико-эпидемиологического изучения моногенной наследственной патологии (МНП) среди детского населения 8 районов Республики Татарстан. Исследование проводилось по оригинальному протоколу генетико-эпидемиологических исследований, разработанному в лаборатории генетической эпидемиологии Медико-генетического научного центра РАМН. Нозологический спектр МНП составил 256 нозологий. Разнообразие МНП среди детского населения представлено 158 (61,72% от общего числа выявленных заболеваний) заболеваниями. Анализ показал, что встречаемость МНП среди детского населения Республики Татарстан составляет 1:103 детей. Выявлена дифференциация в значениях груза (АД, АР и Х-сц. патология) между отдельными районами и проведена попытка объяснить ее причину.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of the genetic epidemiological study of monogenic hereditary disorders (MHDs) among child population of eight districts of Tatarstan Republic are presented in the report. The total size of the investigated population is 268,894 individuals, from which the proportion of child population makes 21.44% (57648 children). The total population was examined by standard protocol of medical genetic research elaborated in laboratory of genetic epidemiology, Research Centre for Medical Genetics. About 3500 MHDs of OMIM could be identified by this protocol. Clinical investigations were performed by neurologists, ophthalmologists, orthopedic, otolaryngologists, dermatologists, pediatricians and clinical geneticists, focused on diagnostic of MHDs. The spectrum of MHDs detected in the eight districts RT comprises 256 diseases, including 135 autosomal dominant (AD), 97 autosomal recessive (AR), and 24 X-linked diseases. The MHDs diversity in the child population of RT comprised 158 diseases (61.72% the total number of registration disorders), including 84 (62.22%) AD, 54 (55.67%) AR, and 20 (83.33%) X-linked ones. The load of MHDs (AD, AR and X-linked) in rural and urban child population is calculated, the variety of common MHDs is described. The prevalence of MHDs among children from Tatarstan region occurs to be 1:103. Significant differentiation in the values of the MHDs load (AD, AR and X-linked disorders combined) between districts was detected. An attempt to explain the revealed differences is undertaken.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>груз и разнообразие наследственной патологии</kwd><kwd>генетическая эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>детское население</kwd><kwd>Республика Татарстан</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>the load and variety of hereditary diseases</kwd><kwd>genetic epidemiology</kwd><kwd>child population</kwd><kwd>prevalence rate</kwd><kwd>Tatarstan Republic</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при частичном финансировании РФФИ (12-04-00122, 14-04-00525, 14-04-10075).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бессонова Л.А. Популяционная генетика наследственных болезней среди детского населения Республик Башкортостан, Чувашия и Удмуртия / Л.А. Бессонова, Г.И. Ельчинова, Р.А. 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